标题： 在深渊之上起舞：进入大质量黑洞的吸积过程中的环境效应和暗物质特征 显示英文标题

标题： Dancing above the abyss: Environmental effects and dark matter signatures in inspirals into massive black holes

摘要： 在本论文中，我们研究了进入大质量黑洞的极端和中等质量比吸积过程中的环境效应。 在这些系统中，恒星级致密天体围绕大质量黑洞运行，并由于引力波辐射和其他耗散力而损失轨道能量。 我们探讨了与暗物质尖峰、恒星分布、吸积盘的环境相互作用，并对其进行比较和结合。 我们讨论了在这些环境效应存在的情况下，暗物质尖峰的存在性和特性。 环境效应的特征，如相空间流动、去相位、近日点偏移以及与吸积盘对齐，被进行了检查。 这些特征在孤立的尖峰系统、干吸积和湿吸积中被量化。 我们通常发现暗物质效应次于其他环境效应，但它们对波形的影响仍然可观测且可识别。 最后，估计了吸积率以及尖峰的影响。 所有这些结果都是在代码 imripy 的帮助下获得的，该代码已同时发表。 如果暗物质尖峰存在，它们应该可以通过基于空间的引力波观测站进行观测。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In this dissertation, we look at environmental effects in extreme and intermediate mass ratio inspirals into massive black holes. In these systems, stellar mass compact objects orbit massive black holes and lose orbital energy due to gravitational wave emission and other dissipative forces. We explore environmental interactions with dark matter spikes, stellar distributions, accretion disks, and combine and compare them. We discuss the existence and properties of dark matter spikes in the presence of these environmental effects. The signatures of the environmental effects, such as the phase space flow, dephasing, deshifting of the periapse, and alignment with accretion disks, are examined. These signatures are quantified in isolated spike systems, in dry, and in wet inspirals. We generally find dark matter effects to be subdominant to the other environmental effects, but their impact on the waveform is still observable and identifiable. Lastly, the rates of inspirals and the impact of spikes are estimated. All of these results are obtained with the help of a code imripy that is published alongside. If dark matter spikes exist, they should be observable with space-based gravitational wave observatories