标题： 对量子达尔文主义的两体哈密顿量进行分类 显示英文标题

标题： Classifying two-body Hamiltonians for Quantum Darwinism

摘要： 量子达尔文主义是一种范式，用于理解如何从一个本质上量子的宇宙中涌现出经典的客观现实。 尽管这一研究领域正在获得越来越多的关注，但目前尚不清楚描述一个通用量子系统的给定哈密顿量必须具备哪些特定属性，才能允许经典性的出现。 因此，在本工作中，我们考虑了一个广泛适用的通用模型，该模型描述了一个任意有限维系统与由任意集合的有限维自由度组成的环境之间的相互作用，其哈密顿量未指定，可能是时间依赖的，并且最多包含两体相互作用项。 我们证明，如果作用在系统上的算符进入哈密顿量，并与指针可观测量和其他一个算符满足一组对易关系，则此类模型支持量子达尔文主义。 我们通过分析一系列示例系统来展示我们的结果：一个三态系统与一个量子比特环境的相互作用，一个具有随时间交替相互作用的量子比特-量子比特模型，以及一系列碰撞模型，包括一个量子麦克斯韦妖的最小模型。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Quantum Darwinism is a paradigm to understand how classically objective reality emerges from within a fundamentally quantum universe. Despite the growing attention that this field of research as been enjoying, it is currently not known what specific properties a given Hamiltonian describing a generic quantum system must have to allow the emergence of classicality. Therefore, in the present work, we consider a broadly applicable generic model of an arbitrary finite-dimensional system interacting with an environment formed from an arbitrary collection of finite-dimensional degrees of freedom via an unspecified, potentially time-dependent Hamiltonian containing at most two-body interaction terms. We show that such models support quantum Darwinism if the set of operators acting on the system which enter the Hamiltonian satisfy a set of commutation relations with a pointer observable and with one other. We demonstrate our results by analyzing a wide range of example systems: a qutrit interacting with a qubit environment, a qubit-qubit model with interactions alternating in time, and a series of collision models including a minimal model of a quantum Maxwell demon.