标题： SU(3)淬火格点QCD中Polyakov环的热力学势 显示英文标题

标题： Thermodynamic Potential of the Polyakov Loop in SU(3) Quenched Lattice QCD

摘要： 利用SU(3)格点量子色动力学，我们首次以场论的方式研究了有限温度下Polyakov环$\langle P \rangle$的有效势，即热力学势。 在格点量子色动力学的重加权方法框架内，我们使用不含源项的期望值来表示有效势$V_{\rm eff}(\langle P \rangle)$。 特别是，我们在临界温度$T_c$下考虑真空共存这一最困难且有趣的情况。 我们采用SU(3)淬火格点量子色动力学，在$48^3 \times 6$上的$\beta$= 5.89379 处，这正好对应于脱约束相变的临界温度$T_c$，并使用了200,000个蒙特卡洛构型。 在将规范构型分类为每个包含一个$Z_3$对称和三个$Z_3$破缺真空之后，我们分别使用围绕每个真空附近的规范构型进行真空关联重加权方法。最后，我们得到了多朗斯基环有效势，该势在$Z_3$对称和$Z_3$破缺真空附近得到了很好的描述。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Using SU(3) lattice QCD, we study for the first time the effective potential of the Polyakov loop $\langle P \rangle$ at finite temperature, i.e., the thermodynamic potential, in the field-theoretical way. In the framework of the reweighting method in lattice QCD, we express the effective potential $V_{\rm eff}(\langle P \rangle)$ using the expectation value without a source term. In particular, we consider the most difficult and interesting case of vacuum coexistence at the critical temperature $T_c$. We adopt SU(3) quenched lattice QCD on $48^3 \times 6$ at $\beta$= 5.89379, which corresponds exactly to the critical temperature $T_c$ of the deconfinement phase transition, and use 200,000 Monte Carlo configurations. After categorizing the gauge configurations into one $Z_3$-symmetric and three $Z_3$-broken vacua each, we perform a vacuum-associated reweighting method, using the gauge configurations around each vacuum separately. Finally, we obtain the Polyakov-loop effective potential, which is well depicted around the $Z_3$-symmetric and $Z_3$-broken vacua.