标题： 大型强子对撞机上p-C和p-O碰撞中聚类核几何在粒子产生中的作用 显示英文标题

标题： Role of clustered nuclear geometry in particle production through p-C and p-O collisions at the Large Hadron Collider

摘要： 重离子碰撞中的长程多粒子关联展示了强相互作用物质的流体动力学行为的明确证据，并与最终态横向动量各向异性相关联。在小碰撞系统中，横向各向异性可以受到碎裂机制以及剩余喷注型关联的影响。因此，在LHC和RHIC计划进行的p-O和O-O碰撞的一个动机是为了理解小系统集体性的起源。由于各向异性流系数（$v_n$）对初始状态效应（包括核形状、变形和电荷密度分布）敏感，研究涉及$^{12}$C 和$^{16}$O 核子的工作正在展开，因为这类核子中含有奇异的$\alpha$（$^{4}$He）团簇。在这项研究中，我们首次在一个多相输运模型框架内，探讨了核$\alpha$-团簇对p-C和p-O碰撞在$\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}= 9.9$~TeV能量下末态强子横向各向异性的影响。 我们报告了横向动量（$p_{\rm T}$）和赝快度（$\eta$）谱，参与者椭圆度（$\epsilon_2$）和平面性（$\epsilon_3$），并使用双粒子累积矩方法估算了末态强子的椭圆流（$v_2$）和三角流（$v_3$）。 这些结果与模型无关的高斯和（SOG）型核密度分布剖面模型进行了比较，适用于 $^{12}$C 和 $^{16}$O 核。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Long-range multi-particle correlations in heavy-ion collisions have shown conclusive evidence of the hydrodynamic behavior of strongly interacting matter and are associated with the final-state azimuthal momentum anisotropy. In small collision systems, azimuthal anisotropy can be influenced by the hadronization mechanism and residual jet-like correlations. Thus, one of the motives of the planned p--O and O--O collisions at the LHC and RHIC is to understand the origin of small system collectivity. As the anisotropic flow coefficients ($v_n$) are sensitive to the initial-state effects including nuclear shape, deformation, and charge density profiles, studies involving $^{12}$C and $^{16}$O nuclei are transpiring due to the presence of exotic $\alpha$ ($^{4}$He) clusters in such nuclei. In this study, for the first time, we investigate the effects of nuclear $\alpha$--clusters on the azimuthal anisotropy of the final-state hadrons in p--C and p--O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}= 9.9$~TeV within a multi-phase transport model framework. We report the transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) and pseudorapidity ($\eta$) spectra, participant eccentricity ($\epsilon_2$) and triangularity ($\epsilon_3$), and estimate the elliptic flow ($v_2$) and triangular flow ($v_3$) of the final-state hadrons using the two-particle cumulant method. These results are compared with a model-independent Sum of Gaussians (SOG) type nuclear density profile for $^{12}$C and $^{16}$O nuclei.