标题： 限制重离子碰撞中优先发射和旁观者动力学的实验方法 显示英文标题

标题： Experimental Method to Constrain Preferential Emission and Spectator Dynamics in Heavy-Ion Collisions

摘要： 我们介绍了一种新颖的实验方法，利用旁观者不对称性和最终态多重性之间的关联来量化在重离子碰撞中产生的粒子在伪快度分布中优先发射的贡献。 在一个输运模型内，该关联量的幅度从中间到前向快度增加，反映了优先发射的影响，并捕捉了粒子产生源的波动。 该关联量对由蒸发或碎裂引起的旁观者数波动表现出敏感性，为约束此类动力学提供了途径。 此方法作为探测重离子碰撞中粒子产生机制以及旁观者物质时空演化的有力工具。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We introduce a novel experimental method to quantify contribution of preferential emission to the pseudorapidity distribution of produced particles in heavy-ion collisions using correlations between spectator asymmetry and final-state multiplicity. Within a transport model, the magnitude of this correlator increases from mid to forward rapidities, reflecting the impact of preferential emission and capturing fluctuations in sources of particle production. The correlator demonstrates sensitivity to spectator number fluctuations arising from evaporation or fragmentation, providing a handle to constrain such dynamics. This method serves as a powerful tool to probe particle production mechanisms and the space-time evolution of spectator matter in heavy-ion collisions.