标题： 旋转超重核中高阶形变的出现：微观理解 显示英文标题

标题： Emergence of High-Order Deformation in Rotating Transfermium Nuclei: A Microscopic Understanding

摘要： 研究了超重核的转动性质，通过在三维网格上采用类似壳层模型的方法在自洽协变密度泛函理论框架内对整个变形空间进行了计算，在该方法中配对关联、变形和转动惯量以微观一致的方式处理。 在超重核中观察到的转动带的运动学和动力学转动惯量，对于$^{252}$No、$^{254}$No、$^{254}$Rf 和$^{256}$Rf 在没有可调参数的情况下得到了很好的再现，使用的是一个确定的普遍密度泛函。 首次发现八极形变的出现应是导致在$^{252}$No 和$^{254}$No 中观察到显著不同的转动行为的原因。 目前的结果为 No 同位素中长期存在的转动行为之谜提供了微观解答，并强调了在研究旋转超重核的六十分体（$\beta_{60}$）形变效应时忽略八极形变所带来的风险。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The rotational properties of the transfermium nuclei are investigated in the full deformation space by implementing a shell-model-like approach in the cranking covariant density functional theory on a three-dimensional lattice, where the pairing correlations, deformations, and moments of inertia are treated in a microscopic and self-consistent way. The kinematic and dynamic moments of inertia of the rotational bands observed in the transfermium nuclei $^{252}$No, $^{254}$No, $^{254}$Rf, and $^{256}$Rf are well reproduced without any adjustable parameters using a well-determined universal density functional. It is found for the first time that the emergence of the octupole deformation should be responsible for the significantly different rotational behavior observed in $^{252}$No and $^{254}$No. The present results provide a microscopic solution to the long-standing puzzle on the rotational behavior in No isotopes, and highlight the risk of investigating only the hexacontetrapole ($\beta_{60}$) deformation effects in rotating transfermium nuclei without considering the octupole deformation.