标题： 利用闪烁识别干涉仪射电图像中的脉冲星候选体 显示英文标题

标题： Identifying pulsar candidates in interferometric radio images using scintillation

摘要： 脉冲星主要通过其时间域数据中的窄脉冲或周期性被探测到。 由于波束灵敏度和波束大小之间的权衡以及相应的巡天灵敏度（深度）、天空覆盖范围和计算努力之间的权衡，干涉测量法的脉冲星巡天具有挑战性。 时间域搜索脉冲星的探测灵敏度受到色散展宽、散射以及双星中脉冲星快速轨道运动的影响。 我们开发了一种新技术，通过识别闪烁源并测量其闪烁带宽和时标，在干涉无线电图像中选择脉冲星候选体。 识别可能的候选体允许敏感且集中的时间域搜索，节省计算工作量。 脉冲星闪烁与其计时特性无关，因此与时间域搜索相比提供了不同的脉冲星选择。 通过此方法识别出的候选体可能使我们能够找到难以探测的脉冲星，例如亚毫秒脉冲星和位于非常紧凑、高度加速的双星轨道上的脉冲星。 我们使用uGMRT在PSR B1508+55、PSR J0437$-$4715和PSR B0031$-$07区域的观测作为我们技术的测试案例。 我们证明了该技术能够正确区分脉冲星与其他非闪烁点源，并表明从脉冲星提取的动力谱等同于从uGMRT相位阵列波束中提取的。 我们展示了已知脉冲星领域的分析结果，并讨论了处理干扰和仪器效应的挑战。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Pulsars have been primarily detected by their narrow pulses or periodicity in time domain data. Interferometric surveys for pulsars are challenging due to the trade-off between beam sensitivity and beam size and the corresponding tradeoff between survey sensitivity (depth), sky coverage, and computational efforts. The detection sensitivity of time-domain searches for pulsars is affected by dispersion smearing, scattering, and rapid orbital motion of pulsars in binaries. We have developed a new technique to select pulsar candidates in interferometric radio images by identifying scintillating sources and measuring their scintillation bandwidth and timescale. Identifying likely candidates allows sensitive, focused time-domain searches, saving computational effort. Pulsar scintillation is independent of its timing properties and hence offers a different selection of pulsars compared to time-domain searches. Candidates identified from this method could allow us to find hard-to-detect pulsars, such as sub-millisecond pulsars and pulsars in very compact, highly-accelerated binary orbits. We use uGMRT observations in the fields of PSR\,B1508+55, PSR\,J0437$-$4715, and PSR\,B0031$-$07 as test cases for our technique. We demonstrate that the technique correctly differentiates between the pulsar and other non-scintillating point sources and show that the extracted dynamic spectrum of the pulsar is equivalent to that extracted from the uGMRT phased array beam. We show the results from our analysis of known pulsar fields and discuss challenges in dealing with interference and instrumental effects.