标题： 大质量夸克星中的强相互作用夸克物质 显示英文标题

标题： Strongly Interacting Quark Matter in Massive Quark Stars

摘要： 本文研究了在中子星（QS）中高密度下强耦合物质的特性。 QS 是通过密度依赖的夸克质量模型（DDQM）构建的，对该模型进行了修改，以利用观测到的脉冲星数据：XMMU J173203.3-344518、PSR J0030+0451、PSR J0740+6620 和 PSR J0952-0607 作为贝叶斯推断中的约束条件，从而获得更高的 QS 最大引力质量（$\rm M_{max}$）。 我们观察到，由$\rm M_{max} > 2M_\odot$组成的夸克物质（QM）违反了通过共形场论确定的共形性标准。 这种行为被解释为夸克种群随着$\rho_B$增加以及相应形成的带色夸克和胶子凝聚的结果，这些凝聚受恒星核心压力增加的影响，随着$\rho_B$的增加而变化。 这反映在所采用的增强型 DDQM 模型中，该模型引入了一个在高密度下相关的额外项。 另一方面，对于$\rm M_{max} < 2M_\odot$，我们观察到 QM 的行为符合量子色动力学（QCD）在较高密度下的预测，其中相互作用随着$\rho_B$的增加而减少，并最终由于 DDQM 的耗尽，在这种情况下通过额外的吸引力贡献使夸克去禁闭。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper investigates the properties of strongly coupled matter at high densities in a quark star (QS). The QS is built from the density-dependent quark mass model (DDQM), modified to obtain higher maximum gravitational mass ($\rm M_{max}$) of the QS using the data from observed pulsars: XMMU J173203.3-344518, PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620, and PSR J0952-0607 as constraints in Bayesian inference. We observed that the quark matter (QM) that composes QSs with $\rm M_{max} > 2M_\odot$ violates the conformality criteria determined through conformal field theory. This behavior is interpreted as a consequence of the increase in quark population with $\rho_B$ and the concomitant formation of colored quark and gluon condensates, which are influenced by the pressure build-up in the stellar core as $\rho_B$ increases. This is reflected in the enhanced DDQM model employed, which introduces an additional term relevant at high densities. On the other hand, for $\rm M_{max} < 2M_\odot$ we observed the desired behavior of the QM as predicted by quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at higher densities, where the interaction decreases with increasing $\rho_B$ and eventually the quarks become deconfined due to the depletion of the DDQM through an additional attractive contribution in this case.