标题： 在检测时代调整PTA 显示英文标题

标题： Tuning a PTA in the detection era

摘要： 随着脉冲星计时阵列（PTAs）进入随机引力波背景（GWB）的探测时代，PTA合作组织回顾并可能修订其观测计划变得尤为重要。 GWB的来源尚不清楚，确定其性质可能需要数年时间。 超大质量双黑洞的天体物理集合是GWB的一个非常可能的来源。 这种背景的证据应以GWB中的可检测各向异性以及可分辨的双黑洞信号的形式出现。 一个“单一源”将对引力天体物理学大有裨益，因为这样的源将在PTA频率范围内发射引力波数百万年。 早期的研究表明，寻找单一源的观测策略与寻找随机背景探测所需统计相关性的策略有所不同。 在这里，我们介绍了研究各种观测策略影响的通用方法，利用了检测器灵敏度曲线，即噪声平均的频域检测统计量。 这些方法的统计基础以及如何调整检测器以针对单一确定性信号或随机背景的众多示例将被介绍。 GWB的非相关部分，即脉冲星项，在PTA的观测时代将被讨论为最重要的噪声源之一。 显示英文摘要

摘要： As pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) transition into the detection era of the stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB), it is important for PTA collaborations to review, and possibly revise, their observing campaigns. The source of the GWB is unknown, and it may take years to pin down its nature. An astrophysical ensemble of supermassive binary black holes is one very likely source for the GWB. Evidence for such a background should come in the form of detectable anisotropies in the GWB and resolvable binary signals. A ``single source'' would be a boon for gravitational astrophysics, as such a source would emit gravitational waves for millions of years in the PTA frequency band. Earlier studies have shown that the observational strategies for finding single sources are somewhat different than for finding the statistical correlations needed for the detection of a stochastic background. Here we present generic methods for studying the effects of various observational strategies, taking advantage of detector sensitivity curves, i.e., noise-averaged, frequency-domain detection statistics. The statistical basis for these methods is presented along with myriad examples of how to tune a detector towards single, deterministic signals or a stochastic background. The importance of the uncorrelated half of the GWB, i.e. the pulsar-term, will be discussed as one of the most important sources of noise in the observational era of PTAs.