标题： 大量太阳和宇宙化学数据表明太阳系具有丰富的碳、氮、氧元素。 显示英文标题

标题： A broad set of solar and cosmochemical data indicates high C-N-O abundances for the solar system

摘要： 我们研究了惰性有机物作为外太阳星云主要碳载体的作用及其对大型柯伊伯带天体（KBO）和CI球粒陨石组成的启示。 通过利用罗塞塔号探测器对67P/丘留莫夫-格拉西缅科彗星中惰性有机物的测量数据，我们表明，基于目前广泛采用的太阳元素丰度表，它们将在KBO形成区域构成大部分原始太阳系碳库存。 然而，这将释放出过多的氧以形成水冰，从而产生不够富含岩石成分的固态物质，无法解释冥王星-卡戎系统及其他大型KBO的未压缩密度；前者被认为是我们所知的大型KBO整体组成最具代表性的值（Barr与Schwamb，2016；Bierson与Nimmo，2019）。 这种矛盾进一步凸显了太阳元素丰度问题——这是在协调光谱测定的重元素丰度与日震学约束时持续面临的挑战。 通过采用来自太阳CNO中微子的新数据集以及碳、氮、氧的太阳风测量数据，我们展示了冥王星-卡戎系统的未压缩密度可以在广泛的场景下重现。 我们发现，龙宫和贝努样本中缺乏硫酸盐暗示了CI球粒陨石母体最初吸积的水冰量比以前认为的要少。 这些数据与新数据集所暗示的太阳C/O比值一致。 我们的预测可以通过未来的中微子、日震学和宇宙化学测量加以验证。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We examine the role of refractory organics as a major C carrier in the outer protosolar nebula and its implications for the compositions of large Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) and CI chondrites. By utilizing Rosetta measurements of refractory organics in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, we show that they would make up a large fraction of the protosolar C inventory in the KBO-forming region based on the current widely adopted solar abundances. However, this would free up too much O to form water ice, producing solid material that is not sufficiently rock-rich to explain the uncompressed density of the Pluto-Charon system and other large KBOs; the former has been argued as the most representative value we have for the bulk composition of large KBOs (Barr & Schawmb 2016, Bierson & Nimmo 2019). This inconsistency further highlights the solar abundances problem - an ongoing challenge in reconciling spectroscopically determined heavy element abundances with helioseismology constraints. By employing a new dataset from solar CNO neutrinos and solar wind measurements of C, N, and O, we show that the uncompressed density of the Pluto-Charon system can be reproduced over a wide range of scenarios. We show that a lack of sulfates in Ryugu and Bennu samples implies a lower amount of water ice initially accreted into CI chondrite parent bodies than previously thought. These data are found to be consistent with the solar C/O ratio implied by the new dataset. Our predictions can be tested by future neutrino, helioseismology, and cosmochemical measurements.