标题： Hotspice的设计、验证及其应用：一种用于人工自旋冰的蒙特卡洛模拟器 显示英文标题

标题： The design, verification, and applications of Hotspice: a Monte Carlo simulator for artificial spin ice

摘要： 我们介绍了Hotspice，这是一款蒙特卡洛模拟软件，旨在捕捉具有面内（IP）和面外（OOP）几何结构的人工自旋冰（ASI）系统的动力学和平衡态。 使用类似于伊辛模型的方法，每个纳米磁体被表示为一个宏观自旋，切换事件由热涨落、磁静力相互作用和外部场驱动。 为了提高模拟的准确性，我们探讨了对该模型的几种修正的影响，例如关于计算IP和OOP ASI中的偶极相互作用，以及允许稳定状态之间不对称而非对称能量势垒的影响。 我们通过将模拟结果与轮形和Kagome ASI晶格的实验数据进行比较来验证这些增强功能，展示了这些修正如何使得这些系统的行为模拟更加准确。 最后，我们演示了轮形和面外（OOP）方形ASI中的‘时钟’现象作为存储器计算的一个例子。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present Hotspice, a Monte Carlo simulation software designed to capture the dynamics and equilibrium states of Artificial Spin Ice (ASI) systems with both in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) geometries. An Ising-like model is used where each nanomagnet is represented as a macrospin, with switching events driven by thermal fluctuations, magnetostatic interactions, and external fields. To improve simulation accuracy, we explore the impact of several corrections to this model, concerning for example the calculation of the dipole interaction in IP and OOP ASI, as well as the impact of allowing asymmetric rather than symmetric energy barriers between stable states. We validate these enhancements by comparing simulation results with experimental data for pinwheel and kagome ASI lattices, demonstrating how these corrections enable a more accurate simulation of the behavior of these systems. We finish with a demonstration of 'clocking' in pinwheel and OOP square ASI as an example of reservoir computing.