标题： 双子高分辨率光学光谱仪（GHOST）在南双子座望远镜：仪器性能和集成，首次科学成果及下一步计划 显示英文标题

标题： Gemini High-resolution Optical SpecTrograph (GHOST) at Gemini-South: Instrument performance and integration, first science, and next steps

摘要： Gemini 南座望远镜现在配备了一台名为 GHOST（Gemini 高分辨率光学光谱仪）的新高分辨率光谱仪。 这台仪器提供高效、高分辨率的光谱，在一次曝光中覆盖 347-1060 纳米的范围，可以同时观测一个或两个目标，并利用内部校准源进行精密径向速度光谱观测。 它可以以 76000 或 56000 的光谱元素分辨能力运行，并且可以在中等台址seeing和黑暗天空条件下，在1小时的曝光时间内达到V$\sim$20.8 等的目标信噪比$\sim$5（每分辨单元）。 GHOST 于 2022 年 6 月安装到位，并报告了 2023 年 11 月全面集成到队列操作后的性能，以及由集成观测运行所启用的科学成果。 这些结果展示了能够以高效率和高精度观测各种明亮和微弱目标的能力。 借助 GHOST，天文学界探索高分辨率光谱学的新途径已经打开。这些途径连同仪器计划和潜在升级一并进行了描述。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Gemini South telescope is now equipped with a new high-resolution spectrograph called GHOST (the Gemini High-resolution Optical SpecTrograph). This instrument provides high-efficiency, high-resolution spectra covering 347-1060 nm in a single exposure of either one or two targets simultaneously, along with precision radial velocity spectroscopy utilizing an internal calibration source. It can operate at a spectral element resolving power of either 76000 or 56000, and can reach a SNR$\sim$5 in a 1hr exposure on a V$\sim$20.8 mag target in median site seeing, and dark skies (per resolution element). GHOST was installed on-site in June 2022, and we report performance after full integration to queue operations in November 2023, in addition to scientific results enabled by the integration observing runs. These results demonstrate the ability to observe a wide variety of bright and faint targets with high efficiency and precision. With GHOST, new avenues to explore high-resolution spectroscopy have opened up to the astronomical community. These are described, along with the planned and potential upgrades to the instrument.