标题： 一个关于沼泽地猜想的DESIderátum？ 显示英文标题

标题： A swampland conjecture DESIderátum?

摘要： 弦现象学框架的一个关键结果是两项“沼泽地猜想”（SCs），即标量场游走和势梯度的值必须为$\mathcal{O}(1)$（以普朗克单位表示）。 利用暗能量光谱仪（DESI）调查的第一批数据以及通过一种称为遗传算法（GA）的特定机器学习方法，在晚期重建沼泽地猜想，我们发现这些猜想的重建实际上与理论值$\mathcal{O}(1)$相符。 具体来说，第二个沼泽地猜想的重建实际上偏离零几个西格玛，这表明与假设指数势的近期模型特定分析相比，存在一个非常陡峭的势能。我们的方法完全基于宇宙学可观测量（例如角直径距离和哈勃膨胀历史）的模型无关重建，因此它很容易应用于第四阶段调查的即将发布的数据，并在未来帮助解决这两个猜想是否可以通过观测证伪的问题。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A key result of the string phenomenology framework is the two swampland conjectures (SCs), namely that the values of the scalar field excursion and gradient of the potential have to be $\mathcal{O}(1)$ in Planck units. Using the first data release from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey and model-independent reconstructions of the SCs at late times, via a particular machine learning approach known as the genetic algorithms (GA), we find that the reconstructions of the SCs are, in fact, in agreement with their theoretical values of $\mathcal{O}(1)$. Specifically, the reconstruction of the second SC is in fact several sigmas away from zero, thus indicating a very steep potential in contrast to recent model-specific analyses, assuming exponential potentials. Our approach is based solely on model-independent reconstructions of cosmological observables, such as the angular diameter distance and the Hubble expansion history, thus it is readily applicable to the forthcoming data from Stage IV surveys and will help settle in the near future the issue on the observational falsification, or not, of the two conjectures.