标题： 弗罗利希与泵浦玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚在泵浦玻色系统中的比较 显示英文标题

标题： Fröhlich versus Bose-Einstein Condensation in Pumped Bosonic Systems

摘要： 磁子凝聚在室温下被激发的玻色系统中出现，继续引起广泛关注，因为其具有长寿命的相干性。 虽然传统上是用玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚来表述的，而这种凝聚通常发生在超低温下，但它也可能通过弗里希凝聚来解释，这是一种在环境温度下生物系统中的类似玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的假设。 这引发了关于开放和孤立量子系统中相干现象基本差异的一般性问题。 为此，我们引入了一个开放量子系统（OQS）形式中的玻色凝聚的简单模型，在该模型中，玻色子与振子（声子）浴发生耗散相互作用。 我们推导出的预期玻色子占据数的运动方程在形式上类似于描述弗里希凝聚的速率方程。 只要特定系统参数导致增强或减弱凝聚效应的相关性，我们因此认为，与使用平衡热力学获得的传统公式相比，我们的处理方法能更好地描述高温凝聚。 通过将我们的OQS推导与原始的无关联和之前的半经典速率方程进行比较，我们进一步强调了经典反相关性和量子相关性如何改变玻色子占据分布。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Magnon-condensation, which emerges in pumped bosonic systems at room temperature, continues to garner great interest for its long-lived coherence. While traditionally formulated in terms of Bose-Einstein condensation, which typically occurs at ultra-low temperatures, it could potentially also be explained by Fr\"ohlich-condensation, a hypothesis of Bose-Einstein-like condensation in living systems at ambient temperatures. This prompts general questions relating to fundamental differences between coherence phenomena in open and isolated quantum systems. To that end, we introduce a simple model of bosonic condensation in an open quantum system (OQS) formulation, wherein bosons dissipatively interact with an oscillator (phonon) bath. Our derived equations of motion for expected boson occupations turns out to be similar in form to the rate equations governing Fr\"ohlich-condensation. Provided that specific system parameters result in correlations that amplify or diminish the condensation effects, we thereby posit that our treatment offers a better description of high-temperature condensation compared to traditional formulations obtained using equilibrium thermodynamics. By comparing our OQS derivation with the original uncorrelated and previous semi-classical rate equations, we furthermore highlight how both classical anti-correlations and quantum correlations alter the bosonic occupation distribution.