标题： 从超新星推断宇宙加速的各向异性 显示英文标题

标题： Anisotropy in the cosmic acceleration inferred from supernovae

摘要： 在假设它们是标准（可标准化）的超新星的情况下，Ia型超新星的光变曲线在标准弗里德曼-勒梅特-罗伯逊-沃尔克宇宙学框架下进行了分析，得出结论认为宇宙的膨胀速率由于暗能量而正在加速。 尽管20世纪90年代末的原始声明是基于总共不到100个超新星的重叠样本，但现在已有近2000个超新星的目录可供使用。 考虑到最近的发展，如宇宙偶极子异常和本地宇宙中比预期更大的整体流（这不收敛到宇宙静止参考系），我们使用最大似然估计器分析了新的数据集，并发现宇宙膨胀速率的加速是明确的各向异性。 文献中的相关争论突显了将超新星用作可标准化烛光的局限性，同时也提供了对相对论视图下特殊运动作为宇宙哈勃膨胀偏离的更深入见解。 我们作为嵌入在一个深层整体流中的“倾斜观测者”的效应可能被误认为是宇宙加速。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Under the assumption that they are standard(isable) candles, the lightcurves of Type Ia supernovae have been analyzed in the framework of the standard Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker cosmology to conclude that the expansion rate of the Universe is accelerating due to dark energy. While the original claims in the late 1990s were made using overlapping samples of less than 100 supernovae in total, catalogues of nearly 2000 supernovae are now available. In light of recent developments such as the cosmic dipole anomaly and the larger than expected bulk flow in the local Universe (which does not converge to the Cosmic Rest Frame), we analyze the newer datasets using a Maximum Likelihood Estimator and find that the acceleration of the expansion rate of the Universe is unequivocally anisotropic. The associated debate in the literature highlights the artifices of using supernovae as standardisable candles, while also providing deeper insights into a consistent relativistic view of peculiar motions as departures from the Hubble expansion of the Universe. The effects of our being `tilted observers' embedded in a deep bulk flow may have been mistaken for cosmic acceleration.