标题： HESS J1731-347测量背景下关于色超导夸克物质的约束条件 显示英文标题

标题： Constraints on color-flavor locked quark matter in view of the HESS J1731-347 measurement

摘要： 天体物理观测在理解致密星内部过程方面起着至关重要的作用。 最近的一项研究测量了HESS J1731-347超新星遗迹中的中心天体，估计其质量为$M=0.77^{+0.20}_ {-0.17} \ M_\odot$，半径为$R = 10.40^{+0.86}_{-0.78} \ \mathrm{km}$，将其识别为有史以来观测到的最轻的中子星。 常规模型表明中子星形成时的最小引力质量约为$1.17 \ M_\odot$，这引发了该天体是否为典型中子星或者可能是“奇异”星的问题。 为了调查这一点，我们利用了色超导（CFL）状态方程（EoS），并将HESS J1731-347测量数据与脉冲星观测和引力波探测结果相结合。 此外，我们通过结合MDI-APR1（强子）和CFL（夸克）状态方程构建了混合状态方程，并通过麦克斯韦构造引入相变。 我们的发现表明，绝对稳定的CFL夸克物质能够很好地解释所有观测结果，包括HESS J1731-347的中心天体，而包含CFL MIT Bag模型的混合模型无法解释最重观测到的脉冲星的质量。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Astrophysical observations play a crucial role in understanding the processes within compact stars. A recent study measured the central object in the HESS J1731-347 supernova remnant (SNR), estimating its mass at $M=0.77^{+0.20}_ {-0.17} \ M_\odot$ and radius at $R = 10.40^{+0.86}_{-0.78} \ \mathrm{km}$, identifying it as the lightest neutron star ever observed. Conventional models suggest neutron stars form with a minimum gravitational mass of approximately $1.17 \ M_\odot$, raising the question of whether this object is a typical neutron star or possibly an "exotic" star. To investigate, we utilize the Color-Flavor Locked (CFL) equation of state (EoS), integrating data from the HESS J1731-347 measurement with pulsar observations and gravitational wave detections. Additionally, we construct hybrid EoS by combining the MDI-APR1 (hadronic) and CFL (quark) EoS, introducing a phase transition through Maxwell construction. Our findings reveal that absolutely stable CFL quark matter effectively explains all observed measurements, including the central object of HESS J1731-347, whereas hybrid models incorporating the CFL MIT Bag model cannot account for the masses of the most massive observed pulsars.