标题： 空间干涉仪探测由恒星级双黑洞发出的数千个记忆信号 显示英文标题

标题： Space-borne Interferometers to Detect Thousands of Memory Signals Emitted by Stellar-mass Binary Black Holes

摘要： 引力记忆效应体现了引力的非线性，反映了退化的引力真空，并表明了渐近对称性的类型。 然而，根据传统观点，检测它将具有挑战性。 在本信中，我们设想使用空间干涉仪，特别是DECIGO，来检测由恒星级双黑洞（BBHs）系统产生的记忆信号，这些是地面探测器的传统目标。 我们估计，在其5年的观测期间，DECIGO可以检测到近2,258个足够强的记忆信号。 其中，有102个的信噪比大于8。 我们的预测是基于GWTC-3中最近的引力波观测所约束的BBH种群模型得出的。 采用了幂律+峰值质量模型和DEFAULT自旋模型，并选择了合并率与Madau-Dickinson形成率成比例。 在分析中，也考虑了轨道偏心率的影响。 高探测率是因为DECIGO带宽内记忆信号足够强，同时也因为确实存在的恒星级BBH数量庞大。 这一大量且保守的探测数量使得可以利用统计方法来利用记忆效应进行基础物理和天体物理研究。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The gravitational memory effect manifests the nonlinearity of the gravitation, reflects the degenerate gravitational vacua, and indicates the types of the asymptotic symmetries. However, by the received wisdom, it would be challenging to detect it. In this Letter, we envisioned employing the space-borne interferometer, especially DECIGO, to detect memory signals generated by the stellar-mass binary black hole (BBHs) systems, the conventional targets of the ground-based detectors. We estimated that during its 5 years' observation, DECIGO could detect nearly 2,258 loud enough memory signals. Among them, 102 have signal-to-noise ratios greater than 8. Our prediction was obtained with the BBH population model constrained by the recent gravitational wave observations in GWTC-3. The Power Law + Peak mass model and the DEFAULT spin model were employed, and the merger rate was chosen to be proportional to the Madau-Dickinson formation rate. In the analysis, the impact of the orbital eccentricity was also considered. The high rate is due to the sufficiently strong memory signal right at the bandwidth of DECIGO, and also because of the humongous number of the surely existing stellar-mass BBHs. The substantial, and yet conservative, number of detections enables to leverage statistical approaches to harness the memory effect for fundamental physics and astrophysics.