标题： 信息热力学对于耦合到欠阻尼扩散的马尔可夫跳跃过程：在纳米机电系统中的应用 显示英文标题

标题： Information thermodynamics for Markov jump processes coupled to underdamped diffusion: Application to nanoelectromechanics

摘要： 我们将信息热力学的原理扩展到研究由一部分进行马尔可夫跳跃过程和另一部分处于欠阻尼扩散的耦合系统之间的能量和信息交换。我们推导了每个子系统的部分熵产生积分涨落定理，并分析了两种不同的模式。首先，当惯性动力学相对于离散状态转换较慢时，我们表明，在绝热近似下，稳态能量和信息流在主导阶次上消失，如果欠阻尼子系统仅由保守力驱动。为了捕捉非零贡献，我们一致地推导出更高阶的有效动力学方程。其次，在无限质量极限下，欠阻尼动力学变为确定性的哈密顿动力学，驱动跳跃过程，我们捕捉到该极限之外的下一阶修正。我们将我们的框架应用于从测量反馈的角度研究单电子滑车——一种纳米电子机械系统（NEMS）——中的自振荡。我们发现，在自振荡区域内，能量流超过了信息流，并研究了该NEMS将电功转化为机械振荡的效率。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We extend the principles of information thermodynamics to study energy and information exchanges between coupled systems composed of one part undergoing a Markov jump process and another underdamped diffusion. We derive integral fluctuation theorems for the partial entropy production of each subsystem and analyze two distinct regimes. First, when the inertial dynamics is slow compared to the discrete-state transitions, we show that the steady-state energy and information flows vanish at the leading order in an adiabatic approximation, if the underdamped subsystem is governed purely by conservative forces. To capture the non-zero contributions, we consistently derive dynamical equations valid to higher order. Second, in the limit of infinite mass, the underdamped dynamics becomes a deterministic Hamiltonian dynamics driving the jump processes, we capture the next-order correction beyond this limit. We apply our framework to study self-oscillations in the single-electron shuttle - a nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) - from a measurement-feedback perspective. We find that energy flows dominate over information flows in the self-oscillating regime, and study the efficiency with which this NEMS converts electrical work into mechanical oscillations.