标题： 欧盟汽车工业中的漏洞与能力：利用投入产出分析和经济复杂性 显示英文标题

标题： Vulnerabilities and capabilities in the EU Automotive industry: Leveraging Input-Output Analysis and Economic Complexity

摘要： 本文研究了欧盟27国汽车行业的结构性脆弱性和竞争动态，重点关注全球价值链中生产流程的复杂性和碎片化。采用混合方法研究，我们的分析整合了投入-产出表，以量化该行业对非欧盟经济部门的依赖程度，同时结合经济复杂性框架评估欧洲国家在汽车相关产业中的潜在生产能力。研究结果显示，对欧盟以外供应商（特别是中国）的关键零部件（如锂离子电池）的依赖正在增加，这加剧了供应链风险。目前，东欧国家（尤其是波兰、捷克和匈牙利）在汽车零部件生产方面的竞争力有所提升，已超越传统领导者德国。本文通过提供汽车供应链内全新的六位数产品清单，推动了相关领域的文献发展，并为欧盟正在进行的电动移动转型所带来的挑战提供了新的见解，特别是在电动蓄电装置方面。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper investigates the structural vulnerabilities and competitive dynamics of the EU27 automotive sector, with a focus on the complexity and the fragmentation of production processes across global value chains. Employing a mixed-methods approach, our analysis integrates input-output tables to quantify the sector's reliance on non-EU economic branches, alongside an economic complexity framework to assess the underlying productive capabilities of European countries in automotive-related industries. The findings indicate an increasing dependency on extra-EU suppliers, particularly China, for critical components such as lithium-ion batteries, which heightens supply chain risks. Currently, Eastern European countries-most notably Poland, Czechia, and Hungary-have enhanced their competitiveness in the production of automotive components, surpassing traditional leaders such as Germany. The paper advances the literature by providing a novel, granular list of 6-digit products within the automotive supply chain and offers new insights into the challenges posed by the ongoing electric mobility transition in the European Union, particularly in relation to electric accumulators.