标题： 弱平衡的间接互惠作为动力学 显示英文标题

标题： Indirect reciprocity as a dynamics for weak balance

摘要： 社会网络通常被划分为许多派系。 人们在每个派系内部是朋友，而对其他派系则是敌人，甚至我敌人的敌人也不一定是我的朋友。 这种配置可以用一种弱形式的结构平衡来描述。 尽管弱平衡解释了若干现实中的社会网络，但哪种动态规则能够实现它仍然相对未被探索。 在本研究中，我们表明答案可以在间接互惠领域找到，该领域假设人们评估彼此的行为，并根据社会规范的评估来选择如何对待他人。 我们首先证明，当规则由一个称为“评判”的规范给出时，弱结构平衡等价于平稳性。 通过分析完全图中由于评估错误引起的聚类合并、分裂和迁移的动力学，我们得到了稳态下的聚类大小分布，这表明存在一个巨聚类和较小聚类的共存。 这项研究表明，间接互惠可以为个体遵守的规范与社会中的宏观群体结构之间的相互作用提供见解。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A social network is often divided into many factions. People are friends within each faction, while they are enemies of the other factions, and even my enemy's enemy is not necessarily my friend. This configuration can be described in terms of a weak form of structural balance. Although weak balance explains a number of real social networks, which dynamical rule achieves it has remained relatively unexplored. In this work, we show that the answer can be found in the field of indirect reciprocity, which assumes that people assess each other's behavior and choose how to behave to others based on the assessment according to a social norm. We begin by showing that weak structural balance is equivalent to stationarity when the rule is given by a norm called `judging'. By analyzing its cluster dynamics of merging, fission, and migration induced by assessment error in complete graphs, we obtain the cluster size distribution in a steady state, which shows the coexistence of a giant cluster and smaller ones. This study suggests that indirect reciprocity can provide insight into the interplay between a norm that individuals abide by and the macroscopic group structure in society.