标题： 神经母细胞瘤：儿科肿瘤学中的营养策略作为支持性护理 显示英文标题

标题： Neuroblastoma: nutritional strategies as supportive care in pediatric oncology

摘要： 神经母细胞瘤是一种高度异质性的儿童肿瘤，占儿童癌症相关死亡的15%。 临床结果可以从自发消退到高转移性疾病。 这种颅外肿瘤起源于神经嵴来源的细胞，可以表现出不同的表型。 其异质性可能源于分化状态的变化，这些变化受到遗传和表观遗传因素以及个体患者特征的影响。 这导致下游的稳态破坏和对肿瘤需求的代谢转变。 营养在影响肿瘤行为的各个方面中可能起关键作用。 本综述深入探讨了神经母细胞瘤的病因和疾病进展的不同途径，这些途径可以通过个性化的营养干预策略进行靶向，以改善儿童的健康状况并优化临床结果。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Neuroblastoma, is a highly heterogeneous pediatric tumour and is responsible for 15% of pediatric cancer-related deaths. The clinical outcomes can vary from spontaneous regression to high metastatic disease. This extracranial tumour arises from a neural crest-derived cell and can harbor different phenotypes. Its heterogeneity may result from variations in differentiation states influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors and individual patient characteristics. This leads downstream to disruption of homeostasis and a metabolic shift in response to the tumour needs. Nutrition can play a key role in influencing various aspects of a tumour behaviour. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the aetiology of neuroblastoma and the different avenues of disease progression, which can be targeted with individualized nutrition intervention strategies to improve the well-being of children and optimize clinical outcomes.