标题： 量子非平衡稳态之间的转换信息几何 显示英文标题

标题： Information geometry of transitions between quantum nonequilibrium steady states

摘要： 在非平衡稳态之间的转变中，通过过剩/家务熵通量和绝热/非绝热熵产生概念，可以区分与稳态电流维持相关的熵成本和来自转变本身的熵成本。 这种转变的热力学由Hatano-Sasa关系体现。 在本信中，我们表明对于量子非平衡稳态之间的缓慢转变，非绝热熵产生在主导阶上由参数空间中的黎曼度量下的路径作用给出，该度量可以与Kubo-Mori-Bogoliubov量子费舍尔信息相联系。 然后我们演示如何通过求解相关的测地线方程来获得最小耗散路径，并用一个三能级激光器的简单例子来说明该过程。 此外，通过将时间相关的量子费舍尔信息识别为状态空间中的度量，我们推导出一个上限，该上限适用于任意快速过程的过剩熵通量。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In a transition between nonequilibrium steady states, the entropic cost associated with the maintenance of steady-state currents can be distinguished from that arising from the transition itself through the concepts of excess/housekeeping entropy flux and adiabatic/nonadiabatic entropy production. The thermodynamics of this transition is embodied by the Hatano-Sasa relation. In this letter, we show that for a slow transition between quantum nonequilibrium steady states the nonadiabatic entropy production is, to leading order, given by the path action with respect to a Riemannian metric in the parameter space which can be connected to the Kubo-Mori-Bogoliubov quantum Fisher information. We then demonstrate how to obtain minimally dissipative paths by solving the associated geodesic equation and illustrate the procedure with a simple example of a three-level maser. Furthermore, by identifying the quantum Fisher information with respect to time as a metric in state space, we derive an upper bound on the excess entropy flux that holds for arbitrarily fast processes.