标题： 罕见动力学事件的变分路径采样 显示英文标题

标题： Variational path sampling of rare dynamical events

摘要： 本文回顾了变分路径采样的概念和方法。 这些方法使得可以在任意远离平衡的系统中进行罕见事件的计算研究。 基于轨迹空间的统计力学并利用大偏差理论，它们提供了一种视角，使动力学现象可以像用于静态平衡性质的系综重新加权思想一样进行研究。 重点介绍了在化学、材料和生物物理系统中的应用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This article reviews the concepts and methods of variational path sampling. These methods allow computational studies of rare events in systems driven arbitrarily far from equilibrium. Based upon a statistical mechanics of trajectory space and leveraging the theory of large deviations, they provide a perspective with which dynamical phenomena can be studied with the same types of ensemble reweighting ideas that have been used for static equilibrium properties. Applications to chemical, material, and biophysical systems are highlighted.