标题： 使用量热仪的宽带脉冲正交测量 显示英文标题

标题： Broadband pulsed quadrature measurements with calorimeters

摘要： 一个一般的一维量子光学模式可以通过其在时域或频域中的形状来描述。一个基本问题是测量该模式的四分量算符。如果形状在频域上较窄，则可以通过脉冲同向检测实现，其中模式和匹配的本振光（LO）在分束器上干涉，分束器的输出端由光电探测器监测。四分量值与光电探测器信号之间的差值成正比。当模式的形状在频域上较宽时，探测器在整个频谱上的非均匀响应阻止了此技术的直接应用。我们展示了脉冲同向检测可以推广到宽带脉冲（BBP）同向检测设置，使用诸如热量计之类的探测器，这些探测器检测总能量而不是总光子数。这种推广在飞秒脉冲的量子测量以及推测性的Rindler模式测量以验证Unruh辐射温度的应用中具有重要意义。像脉冲同向检测一样，BBP同向检测需要选择LO脉冲，使得减去的信号在较大的LO幅度下接近所需的四分量测量。该技术的一个显著特征是LO脉冲不属于所测量的四分量模式。我们分析了随着LO幅度增加，实际测量如何接近理想的四分量测量。我们证明了测量的矩收敛于四分量的矩，并且测量分布弱收敛。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A general one-dimensional quantum optical mode is described by a shape in the time or frequency domain. A fundamental problem is to measure a quadrature operator of such a mode. If the shape is narrow in frequency this can be done by pulsed homodyne detection, in which the mode and a matched local oscillator (LO) interfere on a beamsplitter, whose output ports are monitored by photo-detectors. The quadrature value is proportional to the difference between the photo-detectors' signals. When the shape of the mode is broad in frequency, the lack of uniform response of the detectors across the spectrum prevents direct application of this technique. We show that pulsed homodyne detection can be generalized to broadband pulsed (BBP) homodyne detection setups with detectors such as calorimeters that detect total energy instead of total number of photons. This generalization has applications in quantum measurements of femtosecond pulses, and, speculatively, measurements of Rindler modes to verify the temperature of Unruh radiation. Like pulsed homodyne detection, BBP homodyne detection requires choosing the LO pulse such that the subtracted signal approaches the desired quadrature measurement for large LO amplitudes. A distinctive feature of the technique is that the LO pulse does not belong to the mode of the quadrature being measured. We analyze how the implemented measurement approaches an ideal quadrature measurement with growing LO amplitude. We prove that the moments of the measurement converge to the moments of the quadrature and that the measurement distributions converge weakly.