标题： 解密细菌在多孔介质中的双重趋化策略 显示英文标题

标题： Deciphering the dual chemotaxis strategy of bacteria in porous media

摘要： 细菌游动体在均匀本体流体中以奔跑和转向模式移动的趋化性已被广泛研究。它主要基于根据游泳方向相对于趋化诱饵源的运行时间进行调节（运行时间偏差）。在这里，我们提供了证据表明，具有单极鞭毛的土壤细菌假单胞菌也可能在自由路径长度受到严重限制的多孔介质中进行趋化性。除了经典的运行时间偏差外，我们确定了第二种趋化策略：在转向事件中调整游泳方向，使得下一次奔跑阶段的方向偏向趋化诱饵源（转向角度偏差）。基于实验观察到的游泳模式统计特性的基于代理的模拟表明，转向角度偏差是多孔环境中细菌的主要趋化策略。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Chemotaxis of bacterial swimmers that move in a run-and-turn pattern is well studied in uniform bulk fluid. It is primarily based on modulating the run time in dependence on the swimming direction with respect to the source of chemoattractant (run time bias). Here, we provide evidence that the lophotrichously flagellated soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida may also perform chemotaxis in porous media where the free path length is severely restricted. Besides the classical run time bias, we identify a second chemotactic strategy: the change in swimming direction upon a turn event is adjusted, so that the direction of the next run phase is biased towards the source of chemoattractant (turn angle bias). Agent based simulations, based on the experimentally observed statistical properties of the swimming pattern, indicate that turn angle bias is the predominant chemotaxis strategy of bacteria in porous environments.