标题： 一维非互易物质中的普遍标度定律 显示英文标题

标题： Universal scaling in one-dimensional non-reciprocal matter

摘要： 揭示普遍的非平衡标度定律一直是现代统计物理的核心主题，最近的关注点越来越多地转向表现出丰富动力学现象的非平衡相。 一个显著的例子出现在非互惠系统中，其中组分之间的非对称相互作用导致固有的动态相和在临界异常点（CEP）附近的非常规临界性，其中临界性来源于集体模式与Nambu-Goldstone模的合并。 然而，考虑到多体效应和随机噪声时，该系统中应出现的普遍标度行为仍大多未被揭示。 在这里，我们在一个通用的一维随机非互惠$O(2)$对称系统中建立了动力学标度定律。 通过大规模模拟，我们发现了转变附近的新非平衡标度，不同于任何已知的平衡或非平衡普适性类。 在系统分裂成具有相反手性的区域的区域中，我们证明了涨落被强烈抑制，导致系统尺寸$L$的对数标度，这与动力学标度理论预期的常规幂律标度形成对比。 这项工作阐明了非互惠物质的超越平均场动力学，从而为在从活性物质和驱动量子系统到生物模式形成和非厄米物理的各种物理背景中探索非互惠相变中的临界性提供了启示。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Unveiling universal non-equilibrium scaling laws has been a central theme in modern statistical physics, with recent attention increasingly directed toward nonequilibrium phases that exhibit rich dynamical phenomena. A striking example arises in nonreciprocal systems, where asymmetric interactions between components lead to inherently dynamic phases and unconventional criticality near a critical exceptional point (CEP), where the criticality arises from the coalescence of collective modes to the Nambu-Goldstone mode. However, the universal scaling behavior that should emerge in this system with full consideration of many-body effects and stochastic noise remains largely elusive. Here, we establish a dynamical scaling law in a generic one-dimensional stochastic nonreciprocal $O(2)$-symmetric system. Through large-scale simulations, we uncover a new nonequilibrium scaling in the vicinity of transition, distinct from any previously known equilibrium or nonequilibrium universality classes. In regimes where the system breaks into domains with opposite chirality, we demonstrate that fluctuations are strongly suppressed, leading to a logarithmic scaling as a function of system size $L$, in contrast to the conventional power-law scaling expected from dynamical scaling theory. This work elucidates the beyond-mean-field dynamics of non-reciprocal matter, thereby sheding light on the exploration of criticality in nonreciprocal phase transition across diverse physical contexts, from active matter and driven quantum systems to biological pattern formation and non-Hermitian physics.