标题： 引力波来自超辐射云能级跃迁 显示英文标题

标题： Gravitational Waves from Superradiant Cloud Level Transition

摘要： 超轻玻色子云可以通过超辐射效应在双黑洞系统周围形成，并在特定轨道频率下发生共振能级跃迁。在这项工作中，我们研究了云在共振能级跃迁过程中发射的引力波，并预测了它们在未来引力波观测中的可探测性。我们发现，对于质量约为$10^{-12}$eV 的标量场，在恒星级黑洞双星系统中的云可以在超精细能级跃迁期间辐射约$0.1$Hz 的引力波，这些引力波可以用未来的引力波探测器（如DECIGO和BBO）探测到，从而提供了一种寻找超轻玻色子场的潜在方法。我们还考虑了中间质量黑洞双星系统中的云，这些云在超精细能级跃迁期间可以发射毫赫兹的引力波。然而，由此产生的引力波很难被类似于LISA的探测器检测到。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Ultralight boson clouds can form around black holes in binaries through superradiance, and undergo resonant level transitions at certain orbit frequencies. In this work, we investigate the gravitational waves emitted by the clouds during resonant level transitions, and forecast their detectability with future gravitational wave observations. We find that, for scalar fields of mass around $10^{-12}$ eV, clouds in stellar mass black hole binaries can radiate gravitational waves around $0.1$ Hz during hyperfine level transition, that can be detected with future gravitational wave detectors such as DECIGO and BBO, providing a potential way of searching for ultralight boson fields. We also consider the clouds in intermediate mass black hole binaries, which can emit milli-Hz gravitational waves during hyperfine level transition. The resulting gravitational waves, however, can be hardly detected with LISA-like detectors.