标题： 体心立方高熵合金超导体的高临界电流密度：近期研究进展 显示英文标题

标题： High critical current densities of body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy superconductors: recent research progress

摘要： 高熵合金（HEA）超导体因其独特的特性引起了广泛关注，例如在极高压力和辐照下的强超导性、“鸡尾酒效应”以及上临界场的增强。 另一个值得注意的特征是在HEA中观察到的高临界电流密度。 几种体心立方（bcc）HEA表现出与Nb-Ti超导合金相当的临界电流密度。 这类HEA具有作为多功能超导线材的应用潜力，这种能力在传统合金中很少实现。 在此背景下，我们综述了bcc HEA超导体临界电流密度研究的最新进展，包括Ta$_{1/6}$Nb$_{2/6}$Hf$_{1/6}$Zr$_{1/6}$Ti$_{1/6}$、（TaNb）$_{0.7}$（HfZrTi）$_{0.5}$、NbScTiZr以及其他材料。 这些HEA之间的对比分析表明，伴随晶格应变的共晶微观结构和纳米级析出物在实现宽磁场范围内的高临界电流密度方面起着关键作用。 此外，我们提出了几个未来的研究方向。 其中包括阐明晶格应变的起源、探索更精细的共晶微观结构、人工引入纳米尺度的钉扎位点、提高超导临界温度以及研究这些材料的机械性能。 显示英文摘要

摘要： High-entropy alloy (HEA) superconductors have garnered significant attention due to their unique characteristics, such as robust superconductivity under extremely high pressure and irradiation, the cocktail effect, and the enhancement of the upper critical field. A high critical current density is another noteworthy feature observed in HEAs. Several body-centered cubic (bcc) HEAs have exhibited critical current densities comparable to those of Nb-Ti superconducting alloys. Such HEAs hold potential for applications as multifunctional superconducting wires, a capability rarely achieved in conventional alloys. In this context, we review recent advancements in research on critical current densities in bcc HEA superconductors, including Ta$_{1/6}$Nb$_{2/6}$Hf$_{1/6}$Zr$_{1/6}$Ti$_{1/6}$, (TaNb)$_{0.7}$(HfZrTi)$_{0.5}$, NbScTiZr, and others. Comparative analyses among these HEAs reveal that both eutectic microstructures, which accompany lattice strain, and nanosized precipitates play pivotal roles in achieving elevated critical current densities across wide magnetic field ranges. Furthermore, we propose several future directions for research. These include elucidating the origin of lattice strain, exploring more fine eutectic microstructures, artificially introducing nanoscale pinning sites, improving the superconducting critical temperature, and investigating the mechanical properties of these materials.