标题： 塞弗特星系NGC 4151中拟周期振荡的探测与特征分析 显示英文标题

标题： Detection and Characterization of Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151

摘要： 本研究旨在探测和表征NGC 4151 X射线观测中的拟周期振荡（QPO）信号。我们采用了加权小波Z变换（WWZ）和Lomb-Scargle周期图（LSP）方法进行分析。在由钱德拉（观测ID 7830）于2007年和XMM-Newton（观测ID 0761670301）于2015年进行的观测中，检测到了频率分别为5.91 $\times 10^{-4}$ Hz和5.68 $\times 10^{-4}$ Hz的QPO信号，置信度分别为3.7 $\sigma$和3.3 $\sigma$。这些信号是两个不同的望远镜在八年内独立观测到的，并且频率非常接近。最值得注意的是，这两个独立观测得到的QPO信号的综合置信度达到了异常高的5.2 $\sigma$，这在天体物理学研究中非常罕见，显著增强了我们对这些信号真实性的信心。对观测数据的详细分析表明，这些QPO信号可能与中心超大质量黑洞的性质有关。此外，对观测数据的光谱分析显示QPO段和非QPO段之间没有显著的光谱差异。这些发现为NGC 4151中心黑洞的X射线变化机制提供了新的见解，并为黑洞质量估算提供了一个新视角。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This study aims to detect and characterize quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) signals in X-ray observations of NGC 4151. We employed the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform (WWZ) and Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP) methods for our analysis. QPO signals with frequencies of 5.91 $\times 10^{-4}$ Hz and 5.68 $\times 10^{-4}$ Hz were detected in observations conducted by Chandra (ObsID 7830) in 2007 and XMM-Newton (ObsID 0761670301) in 2015, with confidence levels of 3.7 $\sigma$ and 3.3 $\sigma$, respectively. These signals are the first to be independently observed by two different telescopes over an eight-year period with closely matched frequencies. Most notably, the combined confidence level of the QPO signals from these two independent observations reaches an exceptional 5.2 $\sigma$, which is rare in astrophysical research and significantly strengthens our conviction in the authenticity of these signals. A detailed analysis of the observational data suggests that these QPO signals may be correlated with the properties of the central supermassive black hole. Additionally, spectral analysis of the observational data revealed no significant spectral differences between the QPO and non-QPO segments. These findings provide new insights into the X-ray variability mechanisms of the central black hole in NGC 4151 and offer a novel perspective for black hole mass estimation.