标题： CTA 对探测蒸发的原始黑洞的前景敏感性 显示英文标题

标题： Prospective sensitivity of CTA on detection of evaporating primordial black holes

摘要： 随着黑洞的寿命减小，它所发射的霍金辐射的能量增加，最终通过伽马射线的强大爆发而消失。对于初始质量为$\sim 5\times10^{14}$克的原初黑洞（PBHs），预计它们的寿命将在当前时期结束。探测到这些PBH爆发将提供其存在的有力证据。切伦科夫望远镜阵列（CTA）有可能在伽马射线谱的高能端观测到这些爆发。为了研究这种可能性，我们进行了一项研究来评估CTA对PBH局部爆发率密度的敏感度。我们的结果显示，在一个为期5年的观测活动中，CTA可以排除超过$\sim 36\ \mathrm{pc}^{-3}\ \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$的局部爆发率密度，这比由大型高海拔空气簇射观测站（LHAASO）设定的上限提高了十倍。此外，我们还提出了一个优化用于探测PBH爆发的观测策略。 显示英文摘要

摘要： As the lifetime of a black hole decreases, the energy of the Hawking radiation it emits increases, ultimately culminating in its disappearance through a powerful burst of gamma rays. For primordial black holes (PBHs) with an initial mass of $\sim 5\times10^{14}$ g, their lifespans are expected to end in the present epoch. Detecting such PBH bursts would provide compelling evidence of their existence. The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) has the potential to observe these bursts at the high-energy end of the gamma-ray spectrum. To investigate this possibility, we conduct a study to evaluate the sensitivity of CTA to the local burst rate density of PBHs. Our results suggest that during a 5-year observational campaign, CTA could exclude a local burst rate density exceeding $\sim 36\ \mathrm{pc}^{-3}\ \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, which represents an improvement of one order of magnitude over the upper limit set by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). In addition, we propose an observation strategy optimized for detecting PBH bursts.