标题： 超越观点：价值观在结构化社会中的最后通牒博弈里塑造公平与地位的作用 显示英文标题

标题： More Than Opinions: The Role of Values in Shaping Fairness and Status in the Ultimatum Game within Structured Societies

摘要： 不对称进化博弈，如最后通牒博弈，为理解社会物种中公平的出现提供了关键线索。 在此框架基础上，我们探讨了社会价值体系的演化以及社会地位在等级组织社会中的操作性作用。 在不对称最后通牒博弈范式中，其中“提议者”建议资源分配的条款，“回应者”接受或拒绝这些条款，我们考察了玩家之间角色分配在主观社会秩序下的情况。 这种秩序基于可观察到的玩家属性（如年龄和财富）形成的新兴地位等级。 构建这一等级的底层规则通过继承和家庭关系随着时间的推移而稳定下来。 尽管这些价值体系具有主观性且往往是潜意识的，但它们在控制个体获取资源和决策方面具有实际意义。 我们使用一个简单但足够复杂的模型来展示这些效应，该模型具有动态变化的人口规模和网络结构，在这个模型中，资源（猎物）的分配遵循最后通牒博弈的原则。 我们关注在不同的社会等级和交互网络下产生的提议者和回应者阈值，并讨论它们与在广泛文化背景下进行的各种最后通牒博弈实验的广泛成果之间的关系。 我们观察到从不公平到高度慷慨的不同分享规范的出现，同时伴随着各种社会规范的发展。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Asymmetric evolutionary games, such as the Ultimatum Game, provide keys to understanding the emergence of fairness in social species. Building on this framework, we explore the evolution of social value systems and the operational role that social status plays in hierarchically organised societies. Within the asymmetric Ultimatum Game paradigm, where "proposers" suggest terms for resource distribution, and "responders" accept or reject these terms, we examine the assignment of roles between players under a subjective social order. This order is grounded in an emergent status hierarchy based on observable player attributes (such as age and wealth). The underlying rules for constructing such a hierarchy stabilise over time by inheritance and family ties. Despite their subjective nature these (often sub-conscious) value systems have operative meaning in controlling access of individuals to resources and decision making. We demonstrate these effects using a simple but sufficiently complex model with dynamical population size and network structure, where division of resources (prey) is carried out according to the principles of the Ultimatum Game. We focus on the emerging proposer and responder thresholds under distinct social hierarchies and interaction networks and discuss them in relation to the extensive body of Ultimatum Game experiments conducted across a wide range of cultural contexts. We observe the emergence of diverse sharing norms, ranging from unfair to highly generous, alongside the development of various social norms.