标题： 质子稳定性的见解与物质的宇宙起源 显示英文标题

标题： Insights on the Cosmic Origin of Matter from Proton Stability

摘要： 我们研究了一个模型的物理现象，在该模型中，质子通过红外机制被赋予绝对稳定性，这一机制对未知的量子引力效应具有鲁棒性。 轻子数和轻子味的线性组合被规范，并自发破缺到剩余的离散规范对称性$\mathbb{Z}_9$，从而强制执行严格的选取规则：$\Delta B = 0\,(\mathrm{mod}\,3)$。 尽管该模型的场内容最少，但它成功地解释了超越标准模型的已确立的经验证据。 高尺度的对称性破缺同时提供了一个跷跷板机制来解释中微子质量的小，最小热轻子生成以及作为暗物质的马约拉纳子的可行物理现象。 任何在暴涨后仍然存在的宇宙弦壁网络对于多种电荷分配都是不稳定的。 轻子味非普适性，是构建模型的核心，导致可预测的中微子纹理，可以通过振荡实验、无中微子双贝塔衰变和宇宙学进行测试。 该模型激励了在$X$射线和$\gamma$射线线、中微子望远镜中的搜索，并预测了CMB印记。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We investigate the phenomenology of a model in which the proton is rendered absolutely stable by an IR mechanism that remains robust against unknown quantum gravity effects. A linear combination of baryon number and lepton flavors is gauged and spontaneously broken to a residual $\mathbb{Z}_9$ discrete gauge symmetry enforcing a strict selection rule: $\Delta B = 0\,(\mathrm{mod}\,3)$. Despite its minimal field content, the model successfully accounts for established empirical evidence of physics beyond the SM. High-scale symmetry breaking simultaneously provides a seesaw mechanism explaining the smallness of neutrino masses, minimal thermal leptogenesis, and a viable phenomenology of the majoron as dark matter. Any cosmic string-wall network remaining after inflation is unstable for numerous charge assignments. Lepton flavor non-universality, central to the construction, leads to predictive neutrino textures testable via oscillation experiments, neutrinoless double beta decay, and cosmology. The model motivates searches in $X$- and $\gamma$-ray lines, neutrino telescopes, and predicts CMB imprints.