标题： 角依赖性复合对液氩TPC中中微子能量重建的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Impact of angle-dependent recombination on neutrino energy reconstruction in LArTPCs

摘要： 液氩时间投影室（LArTPC）技术在现代中微子物理学中扮演着非常重要的角色。它允许在具有非常大体积和质量的探测器中进行精确的轨迹跟踪和量能测量。LArTPC量能重建的一个重要组成部分是电子-离子重组效应。现有的实验已经对它的经验描述提供了约束条件，包括粒子与TPC电场之间的角度的明确依赖关系。 本文分析了角度相关的重组模型对LArTPC中中微子能量重建的影响。我们详细研究了现有模型的预测，表明对于典型最小电离粒子的低值$dE/dx$，角依赖性的预测仍存在相当大的不确定性。我们在非约束能量损失区域应用了一个简单的修正来克服不合理的预测，并通过生成器级和电子簇射模拟评估了该修正对电子中微子能量响应的偏差和线性度的影响，涵盖了0.5到5 GeV的能量范围。 通过比较考虑角度依赖性和不考虑角度依赖性的预测，我们观察到在0.5 GeV处平均能量偏差为-0.9%，而在5 GeV处为-0.6%。虽然这些数值较小，但它们接近未来实验所需的2%能量标度不确定性的典型要求，这表明需要在低$dE/dx$下获得实际的实验约束，并将这一影响纳入考虑，以便在未来LArTPC电子中微子量能学中实现最佳精度。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The technology of Liquid Argon Time-Projection Chambers (LArTPC) plays a very important role in modern neutrino physics. It allows precise tracking and calorimetry in detectors with very large volume and mass. One important component of LArTPC calorimetric energy reconstruction is the electron-ion recombination effect. Existing experiments have provided constraints to its empirical description, including an explicit dependence on the particle's angle with respect to the TPC's electric field. In this paper we analyze the impact of angle-dependent recombination models on the reconstruction of neutrino energy in LArTPCs. We examine in detail the predictions of the existing models, showing that there is still considerable uncertainty for the angular dependence prediction at the low values of $dE/dx$ typical of minimum ionizing particles. We apply a simple correction to overcome unphysical predictions in the non-constrained energy loss regions and evaluate the consequences of that in the bias and linearity of electron neutrino energy responses, using generator-level and electron shower simulations for neutrino energies in the range of 0.5-5 GeV. Comparing prediction with and without angular-dependence, we observe an average energy bias between -0.9\% at 0.5 GeV and -0.6\% at 5 GeV. While small, these values are close to the typical requirement of 2\% for the energy scale uncertainty of future experiments, and indicate the need to obtain actual experimental constraints at low $dE/dx$ and take the effect into account in order to achieve the best precision in future LAr TPC electron neutrino calorimetry.