标题： 多侦察：5G及更高级别中用于移动目标检测、定位和跟踪的多站融合感知与通信 显示英文标题

标题： MULTI-SCOUT: Multistatic Integrated Sensing and Communications in 5G and Beyond for Moving Target Detection, Positioning, and Tracking

摘要： 本文提出了一种完整的多站集成感知与通信（ISAC）信号处理链，使用了5G定位参考信号（PRS）。 我们考虑了一个分布式架构，其中一个gNB发送周期性的OFDM-PRS波形，而多个空间分离的接收器利用同一信号进行目标检测、参数估计和跟踪。 评估了一个相干交叉模糊函数（CAF），以从其中形成距离-多普勒图，从而提取每个目标的双基地延迟和径向速度。 对于单个目标，通过非线性最小二乘三边测量融合得到的双基地延迟，得出几何位置估计，并通过对径向速度方程进行正则化线性反演得出二维速度向量，其中获得速度和航向。 该方法应用于二维和三维设置，扩展以考虑时间同步偏差，并通过解决目标关联问题推广到多个目标。 然后将位置-速度估计序列输入标准和扩展卡尔曼滤波器以获得平滑轨迹。 我们的结果表明，使用5G PRS信号在多站ISAC中实现了高保真度的运动目标检测、定位和跟踪。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper presents a complete signal-processing chain for multistatic integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) using 5G Positioning Reference Signal (PRS). We consider a distributed architecture in which one gNB transmits a periodic OFDM-PRS waveform while multiple spatially separated receivers exploit the same signal for target detection, parameter estimation and tracking. A coherent cross-ambiguity function (CAF) is evaluated to form a range-Doppler map from which the bistatic delay and radial velocity are extracted for every target. For a single target, the resulting bistatic delays are fused through nonlinear least-squares trilateration, yielding a geometric position estimate, and a regularized linear inversion of the radial-speed equations yields a two-dimensional velocity vector, where speed and heading are obtained. The approach is applied to 2D and 3D settings, extended to account for time synchronization bias, and generalized to multiple targets by resolving target association. The sequence of position-velocity estimates is then fed to standard and extended Kalman filters to obtain smoothed tracks. Our results show high-fidelity moving-target detection, positioning, and tracking using 5G PRS signals for multistatic ISAC.