标题： 基于半导体纳米线中的双量子点的量子寄存器 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum register based on double quantum dots in semiconductor nanowires

摘要： 基于场定义的双量子点（DQD，其中两个相邻的隧穿束缚点各有一个电子）中的电子空间态，在超薄半导体纳米线中实现了一个通用固态量子寄存器。在某种程度上，该结构类似于具有多个控制电极（栅极）的场效应晶体管。可扩展性明显，并为利用先进的硅技术制造大规模量子计算机打开了可能性。此外，该结构可以发展成一个集合量子寄存器，而不是单个纳米线，而是制造一个具有共同控制电极和接触点的纳米线阵列。由于平均和补偿作用，这种集合寄存器对由声子和杂散电荷引起的环境噪声具有更强的抵抗力。重要的是，一个单独的量子比特由两个DQD组成。该量子比特的基本状态对应于一个DQD的对称态和另一个DQD的反对称态，反之亦然。然后可以在不发生点之间电荷转移的情况下编码和处理量子信息。在点中找到电子的概率始终等于1/2，因此DQD之间的库仑相互作用也是恒定的。尽管库仑相互作用持续存在，但其作用强度取决于相互作用的DQD的相互状态（共振或非共振）。因此，可以通过仅使用稳定和脉冲门电位来实现量子算法，这类似于数字集成电路的操作。寄存器的最终读取是在将信息解码为DQD的电荷状态并通过导线传输电流后进行的。 显示英文摘要

摘要： An implementation of a universal solid-state quantum register based on electron space states in field-defined double quantum dots (DQD possesses one electron in two adjacent tunnel bound dots) in an ultrathin semiconductor nanowire is discussed. To some extent, the structure resembles that of a field-effect transistor with multiple controlling electrodes (gates). Scalability is audible and it opens up a possibility of large-scale quantum computer fabricated by advanced silicon technology. Moreover, the structure could be developed into an ensemble quantum register where instead of single nanowire an array of them with common controlling electrodes and contacts is fabricated. This ensemble register is much more resistant against environment noise caused by phonons and stray charges due to averaging and compensation. It is crucial that an individual qubit consists of two DQDs. The basic states of that qubit correspond to symmetric state of one DQD and antisymmetric state of another, and vice versa. Then the quantum information can be encoded and processed without charge transfer between dots. The probability to find an electron in a dot constantly equals 1/2 thus the Coulomb interaction between DQDs is also constant. Although the Coulomb interaction is incessant, the strength of its action depends on mutual states of interacting DQDs (in-resonance or off-resonance). Therefore, a quantum algorithm could be effectuated via manipulation solely with steady and pulse gate potentials that reminds an operation of a digital integrated circuit. The final read-out of the register is performed after decoding into charge states of DQDs and a transmission of current through the wire.