标题： CovertAuth：毫米波系统中的联合隐秘通信与认证 显示英文标题

标题： CovertAuth: Joint Covert Communication and Authentication in MmWave Systems

摘要： 波束对齐（BA）是毫米波（mmWave）通信中的关键过程，它实现了精确的定向传输和高效的链路建立。 然而，由于像全向暴露和BA阶段的广播特性等特征，它特别容易受到窃听和身份伪造攻击。 为此，本文提出了一种名为CovertAuth的新安全框架，旨在增强BA阶段对抗此类攻击的安全性。 特别是，为了应对窃听攻击，首先推导了成功BA概率和隐蔽传输速率的显式表达式。 然后，制定了一个隐蔽通信问题，旨在联合优化波束训练预算和传输功率，以在满足隐蔽性要求的情况下最大化隐蔽通信速率。 采用结合连续凸近似的交替优化算法来迭代实现最佳结果。 为了应对伪造攻击，探索了天线阵列失真的互耦效应作为设备特征，设计了一种基于加权和能量检测器的物理层认证方案。 此外，还提供了诸如检测和误报概率等认证指标的理论模型，以进行性能分析。 基于这些模型，构建了一个优化问题，以确定最大化认证准确性的最优权重值。 最后，仿真结果表明， CovertAuth在相同的隐蔽性要求下相比现有工作表现出更高的检测准确性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Beam alignment (BA) is a crucial process in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, enabling precise directional transmission and efficient link establishment. However, due to characteristics like omnidirectional exposure and the broadcast nature of the BA phase, it is particularly vulnerable to eavesdropping and identity impersonation attacks. To this end, this paper proposes a novel secure framework named CovertAuth, designed to enhance the security of the BA phase against such attacks. In particular, to combat eavesdropping attacks, the closed-form expressions of successful BA probability and covert transmission rate are first derived. Then, a covert communication problem aimed at jointly optimizing beam training budget and transmission power is formulated to maximize covert communication rate, subject to the covertness requirement. An alternating optimization algorithm combined with successive convex approximation is employed to iteratively achieve optimal results. To combat impersonation attacks, the mutual coupling effect of antenna array impairments is explored as a device feature to design a weighted-sum energy detector based physical layer authentication scheme. Moreover, theoretical models for authentication metrics like detection and false alarm probabilities are also provided to conduct performance analysis. Based on these models, an optimization problem is constructed to determine the optimal weight value that maximizes authentication accuracy. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that CovertAuth presents improved detection accuracy under the same covertness requirement compared to existing works.