标题： 在超导量子芯片上模拟等离子体波传播 显示英文标题

标题： Simulating plasma wave propagation on a superconducting quantum chip

摘要： 量子计算机也许有一天能够高效地模拟强耦合等离子体，这些等离子体在经典计算无法触及的区域中，当量子效应重要且尺度分离较大时。在本信中，我们通过在超导量子芯片上展示线性等离子体波传播，迈出了高效模拟量子等离子体的第一步。利用高保真度和高度表达性的设备原生门，结合一种新的误差缓解技术，我们模拟了激光脉冲从非均匀等离子体的散射。我们的方法之所以可行，是因为识别出一个合适的局部自旋模型，其激发态模仿等离子体波，其电路实现所需的门数比其他需要未来容错量子计算机的方法更少。这项工作为研究无法在经典计算机上高效模拟的更复杂现象开辟了道路，例如当强耦合等离子体偏离平衡时的非线性量子动力学。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Quantum computers may one day enable the efficient simulation of strongly-coupled plasmas that lie beyond the reach of classical computation in regimes where quantum effects are important and the scale separation is large. In this letter, we take the first step towards efficient simulation of quantum plasmas by demonstrating linear plasma wave propagation on a superconducting quantum chip. Using high-fidelity and highly expressive device-native gates, combined with a novel error mitigation technique, we simulate the scattering of laser pulses from inhomogeneous plasmas. Our approach is made feasible by the identification of a suitable local spin model whose excitations mimic plasma waves, whose circuit implementation requires a lower gate count than other proposed approaches that would require a future fault-tolerant quantum computer. This work opens avenues to study more complicated phenomena that cannot be simulated efficiently on classical computers, such as nonlinear quantum dynamics when strongly-coupled plasmas are driven out of equilibrium.