标题： 电动汽车公共充电公平性考虑因素：系统综述 显示英文标题

标题： Electric Vehicle Public Charging Equity Considerations: A Systematic Review

摘要： 公共电动汽车（EV）充电基础设施对于加速电动汽车的采用和减少交通排放至关重要；然而，基础设施获取方面的差异引发了重大的公平性问题。 这项系统综述综合了现有知识，并识别了关于公共充电研究中公平性的差距。 按照结构化的审查协议，分析了来自Scopus和Google Scholar的91篇同行评审的研究，重点明确关注公平性考虑因素。 研究结果表明，当前关于公共充电公平性的研究主要采用了地理信息系统（GIS）、网络优化、行为建模和混合分析框架，但缺乏一致的规范框架来评估公平性结果。 公平性评估突出了四个关键维度：空间可及性、成本负担、可靠性和可用性，以及用户意识和信任。 社会经济差异，特别是收入、住房状况和种族，经常加剧不公平的获取情况，不成比例地使低收入、租房者和少数族裔群体处于不利地位。 此外，基础设施特定的选择，包括充电器的可靠性、战略位置和定价策略，显著影响采用模式和公平性结果。 然而，现有的文献主要反映了北美、欧洲和中国的背景，显示出显著的地理和方法论限制。 本综述建议需要更强大的公平性规范评估、全面的人口统计数据整合和先进的方法论框架，从而指导有针对性的、包容的和情境敏感的基础设施规划和政策干预。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Public electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure is crucial for accelerating EV adoption and reducing transportation emissions; however, disparities in infrastructure access have raised significant equity concerns. This systematic review synthesizes existing knowledge and identifies gaps regarding equity in EV public charging research. Following structured review protocols, 91 peer-reviewed studies from Scopus and Google Scholar were analyzed, focusing explicitly on equity considerations. The findings indicate that current research on EV public charging equity mainly adopted geographic information systems (GIS), network optimization, behavioral modeling, and hybrid analytical frameworks, yet lacks consistent normative frameworks for assessing equity outcomes. Equity assessments highlight four key dimensions: spatial accessibility, cost burdens, reliability and usability, and user awareness and trust. Socio-economic disparities, particularly income, housing tenure, and ethnicity, frequently exacerbate inequitable access, disproportionately disadvantaging low-income, renter, and minority populations. Additionally, infrastructure-specific choices, including charger reliability, strategic location, and pricing strategies, significantly influence adoption patterns and equity outcomes. However, existing literature primarily reflects North American, European, and Chinese contexts, revealing substantial geographical and methodological limitations. This review suggests the need for more robust normative evaluations of equity, comprehensive demographic data integration, and advanced methodological frameworks, thereby guiding targeted, inclusive, and context-sensitive infrastructure planning and policy interventions.