标题： 呼吸5:5效应在耐力、压力和平衡中心方面的评估，通过单通道脑电图测量 显示英文标题

标题： The Evaluation of Breathing 5:5 effect on resilience, stress and balance center measured by Single-Channel EEG

摘要： 缓慢的呼吸是一种有前景的干预方法，通过其对自主神经系统和中枢神经系统功能的影响，能够减少焦虑并增强情绪调节。 本研究使用便携式单通道脑电图系统，考察了5:5呼吸协议对与压力相关的脑电图生物标志物的神经生理学和主观影响。 三十八名健康的成年人被随机分配到干预组（n = 20），该组完成了间隔两周的两次训练，并在两次训练之间每天进行呼吸练习；或对照组（n = 18），该组仅完成一次训练。 在每次训练中，参与者经历了听觉脑电图评估，包括静息、心理负荷和惊跳条件。 干预组在第一次访问期间还完成了一个指导性呼吸训练，并在两次训练之间练习该技术。 在干预前后评估了脑电图生物标志物（ST4、Alpha、Delta、Gamma、VC0）和主观焦虑水平（STAI）。 在第一次呼吸训练期间的心理负荷阶段，干预组的Gamma功率显著降低（p = .002），表明急性压力减轻。 在多次训练中，长期的呼吸练习导致Alpha和Delta功率增加，ST4活动减少，这表明情绪调节和认知效率的累积改善。 相关分析显示，VC0和Alpha的变化与主观报告的紧张感、注意力困难和平静感显著相关。 以5:5节奏进行的指导性缓慢呼吸对压力和认知的神经标志物产生即时和持续的影响，并伴有主观焦虑的相应改善。 这些发现支持基于脑电图的监测作为一种可扩展的方法，用于评估基于呼吸的干预措施并促进实时情绪自我调节。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Slow-paced breathing is a promising intervention for reducing anxiety and enhancing emotional regulation through its effects on autonomic and central nervous system function. This study examined the neurophysiological and subjective effects of a 5:5 breathing protocol on stress-related EEG biomarkers using a mobile single-channel EEG system. Thirty-eight healthy adults were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n = 20), which completed two sessions spaced two weeks apart with daily breathing practice, or a control group (n = 18), which completed one session. In each session, participants underwent an auditory EEG assessment with resting, mental load, and startle conditions. The intervention group also completed a guided breathing session during the first visit and practiced the technique between sessions. EEG biomarkers (ST4, Alpha, Delta, Gamma, VC0) and subjective anxiety levels (STAI) were assessed before and after the intervention. A significant reduction in Gamma power was observed in the intervention group immediately following the first breathing session during mental load (p = .002), indicating acute stress reduction. Across sessions, long-term breathing practice led to increased Alpha and Delta power and reduced ST4 activity, suggesting cumulative improvements in emotional regulation and cognitive efficiency. Correlational analyses revealed that changes in VC0 and Alpha were significantly associated with subjective reports of tension, focus difficulty, and calmness. Guided slow-paced breathing at a 5:5 rhythm produces both immediate and sustained effects on neural markers of stress and cognition, with corresponding improvements in subjective anxiety. These findings support EEG-based monitoring as a scalable method for evaluating breath-based interventions and promoting real-time emotional self-regulation.