标题： BASS. XLIX. 高度明亮和遮蔽的AGN的特征：本地X射线和[NeV]$λ$3426发射与高红移宇宙的比较 显示英文标题

标题： BASS. XLIX. Characterization of highly luminous and obscured AGNs: local X-ray and [NeV]$λ$3426 emission in comparison with the high-redshift Universe

摘要： 我们对在超硬X射线波段（14-195 keV）由Swift/BAT检测到的最明亮和被遮挡的活动星系核（AGNs）进行了详细分析。 我们的样本包括21个X射线明亮（log $L_X/{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}>44.6$，2-10 keV）的AGNs在 $z<0.6$，光学上被分类为塞弗特1.9-2型。 使用NuSTAR、XMM-Newton、Suzaku和Chandra，我们限定了AGN的特性，如吸收柱密度 $N_H$，光子指数 $\Gamma$，固有 $L_X$，覆盖因子以及铁K $\alpha$等效宽度。 对于有黑洞质量估计的源(12/20)，我们发现$\Gamma$与爱丁顿比率 ($\lambda_{Edd}$) 之间存在弱相关性。其中六个 ($50\pm13\%$) 位于$N_H$-$\lambda_{Edd}$"禁止区域"，并表现出$N_H$变化和外流特征的综合较高出现率，这表明这是一个过渡阶段，活动星系核反馈可能正在清除遮蔽物质。 对于13/21个具有多历元X射线光谱的源，$82^{+6}_{-16}\%$在2-10 keV流量（$73^{+9}_{-16}\%$）或视线方向$N_H$（$33^{+15}_{-10}\%$）表现出变化。对于20/21个具有近紫外/光学光谱数据的源，我们在17个（$85^{+5}_{-11}\%$）中检测到[NeV]$\lambda$3426，确认其可靠性以探测活动星系核发射，即使在高度遮蔽的系统中也是如此。 当归一化到与JWST识别的$z = 2$-$9$窄线AGN相同的[OIII]$\lambda$5007峰值通量时，我们的样本显示出显著更强的[NeV]$\lambda$3426发射，这表明高红移遮蔽AGN可能在[NeV]$\lambda$3426上本身较弱，或者[NeV]$\lambda$3426在这些环境中更难检测。 这里提供的源作为高红移类似物的基准，展示了[NeV]$\lambda$3426揭示遮蔽AGN的潜力，并说明未来任务需要将X射线研究扩展到高红移宇宙。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present a detailed analysis of the most luminous and obscured Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) detected in the ultra-hard X-ray band (14-195 keV) by Swift/BAT. Our sample comprises 21 X-ray luminous (log $L_X/{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}>44.6$, 2-10 keV) AGNs at $z<0.6$, optically classified as Seyfert 1.9-2. Using NuSTAR, XMM-Newton, Suzaku, and Chandra, we constrain AGN properties such as absorption column density $N_H$, photon index $\Gamma$, intrinsic $L_X$, covering factor, and iron K$\alpha$ equivalent width. For sources with black hole mass estimates (12/20), we find a weak correlation between $\Gamma$ and Eddington ratio ($\lambda_{Edd}$). Of these, six ($50\pm13\%$) lie in the $N_H$-$\lambda_{Edd}$ "forbidden region'' and exhibit a combined higher prevalence of $N_H$ variability and outflow signatures, suggesting a transitional phase where AGN feedback may be clearing the obscuring material. For the 13/21 sources with multi-epoch X-ray spectra, $82^{+6}_{-16}\%$ exhibit variability in either 2-10 keV flux ($73^{+9}_{-16}\%$) or line-of-sight $N_H$ ($33^{+15}_{-10}\%$). For the 20/21 sources with available near-UV/optical spectroscopy, we detect [NeV]$\lambda$3426 in 17 ($85^{+5}_{-11}\%$), confirming its reliability to probe AGN emission even in heavily obscured systems. When normalized to the same [OIII]$\lambda$5007 peak flux as $z = 2$-$9$ narrow-line AGNs identified with JWST, our sample exhibits significantly stronger [NeV]$\lambda$3426 emission, suggesting that high-redshift obscured AGNs may be intrinsically weaker in [NeV]$\lambda$3426 or that [NeV]$\lambda$3426 is more challenging to detect in those environments. The sources presented here serve as a benchmark for high-redshift analogs, showing the potential of [NeV]$\lambda$3426 to reveal obscured AGNs and the need for future missions to expand X-ray studies into the high-redshift Universe.