标题： 漏洞报告在IIoT中。 项目DEFENDER 显示英文标题

标题： Reporte de vulnerabilidades en IIoT. Proyecto DEFENDER

摘要： 本技术报告的主要目标是对在工业物联网（IIoT）环境中运行的设备进行综合性研究，描述定义此类设备的场景，并分析威胁其安全性的漏洞。 为此，报告旨在识别和检查IIoT设备的主要类别，详细说明它们的特性、功能以及在工业系统中的作用。 这种分析有助于更好地理解这些设备如何相互作用并满足关键工业环境的需求。 报告还探讨了这些设备运行的具体情境，突出了工业场景的独特特征以及设备运行的条件。 此外，它分析了影响IIoT设备的漏洞，概述了它们的攻击路径、目标、影响和后果。 报告随后描述了攻击的典型阶段，并选取了一些现实世界中记录的事件。 这些案例根据第3节中提出的分类法进行分类，提供对安全潜在威胁的全面视图，并评估这些漏洞可能对工业环境产生的影响。 最后，报告汇总了一些最近且有效的安全对策，作为工业系统所面临的安全挑战的潜在解决方案。 特别强调了机器学习在这些方法开发中的作用，突出了其在增强工业网络安全中的重要性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The main objective of this technical report is to conduct a comprehensive study on devices operating within Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environments, describing the scenarios that define this category and analysing the vulnerabilities that compromise their security. To this end, the report seeks to identify and examine the main classes of IIoT devices, detailing their characteristics, functionalities, and roles within industrial systems. This analysis enables a better understanding of how these devices interact and fulfil the requirements of critical industrial environments. The report also explores the specific contexts in which these devices operate, highlighting the distinctive features of industrial scenarios and the conditions under which the devices function. Furthermore, it analyses the vulnerabilities affecting IIoT devices, outlining their vectors, targets, impact, and consequences. The report then describes the typical phases of an attack, along with a selection of real-world documented incidents. These cases are classified according to the taxonomy presented in Section 3, providing a comprehensive view of the potential threats to security and assessing the impact these vulnerabilities may have on industrial environments. Finally, the report presents a compilation of some of the most recent and effective security countermeasures as potential solutions to the security challenges faced by industrial systems. Special emphasis is placed on the role of Machine Learning in the development of these approaches, underscoring its importance in enhancing industrial cybersecurity.