标题： 循环模式形成系统中竞争相互作用的棘轮效应 显示英文标题

标题： Ratchet Effects in Cyclic Pattern Formation Systems with Competing Interactions

摘要： 当粒子在交流驱动下与不对称势相互作用，或者在热系统中基底被周期性闪光时，可以出现棘轮效应。在这里，我们表明，当一个形成图案的系统耦合到一个不对称基底时，如果粒子之间的相互作用势被周期性地振荡，以使系统在不同图案之间循环，就会出现一种新的集体棘轮效应。我们考虑具有竞争的短程吸引和长程排斥的粒子，这些粒子受到吸引和排斥相互作用项比值的时间依赖振荡的影响，导致系统在晶体状态和气泡状态之间周期性循环。在存在基底的情况下，该系统表现出正向和反向的棘轮效应，并且我们证明棘轮效率在相互作用强度、交流驱动频率和粒子密度作为函数时存在最大值。我们的结果可以在各种不对称基底上的形成图案系统中实现，其中图案类型或粒子相互作用可以被振荡。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Ratchet effects can appear for particles interacting with an asymmetric potential under ac driving or for a thermal system in which a substrate is periodically flashed. Here, we show that a new type of collective ratchet effect can arise for a pattern-forming system coupled to an asymmetric substrate when the interaction potential between the particles is periodically oscillated in order to cycle the system through different patterns. We consider particles with competing short-range attraction and long-range repulsion subjected to time-dependent oscillations of the ratio between the attractive and repulsive interaction terms, which causes the system to cycle periodically between crystal and bubble states. In the presence of the substrate, this system exhibits both a positive and a reversed ratchet effect, and we show that there is a maximum in the ratchet efficiency as a function of interaction strength, ac drive frequency, and particle density. Our results could be realized for a variety of pattern-forming systems on asymmetric substrates where the pattern type or particle interactions can be oscillated.