标题： CARTS：5G ISAC 的协作与自适应资源触发和拼接 显示英文标题

标题： CARTS: Cooperative and Adaptive Resource Triggering and Stitching for 5G ISAC

摘要： 本文介绍了CARTS，这是一种自适应的5G上行感知方案，旨在提供集成感知与通信（ISAC）服务。 通信和感知的性能在根本上取决于准确且最新的信道状态信息（CSI）的可用性。 在现代5G网络中，上行CSI来源于两个参考信号：解调参考信号（DMRS）和探测参考信号（SRS）。 然而，当前基站的实现将这些CSI测量视为独立的信息流。 CARTS的关键创新在于融合这两个CSI流，从而增加CSI更新的频率，并将感知机会扩展到更多用户。 CARTS解决了两个关键挑战：（i）一种新颖的信道拼接和补偿方法，能够在DMRS和SRS具有不同的时间和频率分配的情况下，整合异步的CSI估计，以及（ii）一种实时的SRS触发算法，补充固有的不可控的DMRS调度，确保所有用户都有足够且不冗余的感知机会。 我们的基于跟踪的评估表明，CARTS显著提高了可扩展性，在支持的用户数量是周期性SRS仅基线两倍的同时，实现了0.167的信道估计误差（NMSE）和85厘米的UE跟踪精度。 通过机会性地结合DMRS和SRS，因此CARTS提供了一种实用且符合标准的解决方案，以提高ISAC的CSI可用性，而无需额外的无线资源。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper presents CARTS, an adaptive 5G uplink sensing scheme designed to provide Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) services. The performance of both communication and sensing fundamentally depends on the availability of accurate and up-to-date channel state information (CSI). In modern 5G networks, uplink CSI is derived from two reference signals: the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and the sounding reference signal (SRS). However, current base station implementations treat these CSI measurements as separate information streams. The key innovation of CARTS is to fuse these two CSI streams, thereby increasing the frequency of CSI updates and extending sensing opportunities to more users. CARTS addresses two key challenges: (i) a novel channel stitching and compensation method that integrates asynchronous CSI estimates from DMRS and SRS, despite their different time and frequency allocations, and (ii) a real-time SRS triggering algorithm that complements the inherently uncontrollable DMRS schedule, ensuring sufficient and non-redundant sensing opportunities for all users. Our trace-driven evaluation shows that CARTS significantly improves scalability, achieving a channel estimation error (NMSE) of 0.167 and UE tracking accuracy of 85 cm while supporting twice the number of users as a periodic SRS-only baseline with similar performance. By opportunistically combining DMRS and SRS, CARTS therefore provides a practical, standard-compliant solution to improve CSI availability for ISAC without requiring additional radio resources.