标题： 可编程三维编织超材料的设计框架 显示英文标题

标题： Design framework for programmable three-dimensional woven metamaterials

摘要： 机械超材料持续提供了前所未有的机械性能可调性，但迄今为止的大多数设计都优先考虑获得高刚度和强度，而牺牲了可变形性。编织晶格——纠缠纤维的三维网络——引入了一种通向长期以来被忽视的柔性和可拉伸超材料领域的路径。然而，这些复杂结构的设计和实现仍然主要是一个手动过程，限制了对其全部可实现设计和性能空间的识别和验证。在这里，我们提出了一种几何设计框架，该框架使用图结构来编码编织拓扑，从而能够创建具有可调结构、功能梯度和任意异质性的编织晶格。通过使用微尺度原位张力实验和计算力学模型，我们揭示了设计空间中高度可调的各向异性刚度（变化超过一个数量级）和极端可拉伸性（最大拉伸达到四倍）。此外，我们展示了通过在设计过程中利用可调性，编织超材料能够表现出可编程的失效模式。该框架提供了一个设计和建模工具包，以进入此前无法达到的高柔顺性机械超材料领域，实现了可编程的大变形和非线性响应。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Mechanical metamaterials have continued to offer unprecedented tunability in mechanical properties, but most designs to date have prioritized attaining high stiffness and strength while sacrificing deformability. The emergence of woven lattices-three-dimensional networks of entangled fibers-has introduced a pathway to the largely overlooked compliant and stretchable regime of metamaterials. However, the design and implementation of these complex architectures has remained a primarily manual process, restricting identification and validation of their full achievable design and property space. Here, we present a geometric design framework that encodes woven topology using a graph structure, enabling the creation of woven lattices with tunable architectures, functional gradients, and arbitrary heterogeneity. Through use of microscale in situ tension experiments and computational mechanics models, we reveal highly tunable anisotropic stiffness (varying by over an order of magnitude) and extreme stretchability (up to a stretch of four) within the design space produced by the framework. Moreover, we demonstrate the ability of woven metamaterials to exhibit programmable failure patterns by leveraging tunability in the design process. This framework provides a design and modeling toolbox to access this previously unattainable high-compliance regime of mechanical metamaterials, enabling programmable large-deformation, nonlinear responses.