标题： 光的量子流体中的乘法量化涡旋光谱学 显示英文标题

标题： Multiply quantized vortex spectroscopy in a quantum fluid of light

摘要： 量子化涡旋的形成是量子力学系统的统一特征，使其成为研究不同量子流体的基本和比较研究的重要手段。 作为运动的激发态，涡旋通常不稳定，倾向于弛豫到较低能量状态。 然而，我们利用光子流体的驱动-耗散特性来创建静态的、多重电荷的涡旋。 我们测量了集体激发的谱，并在核心处观察到负能模，在大半径处观察到正能模。 它们在同一频率下的共存通常会导致动态不稳定性，但这里的内在损耗稳定了系统，使得泵浦能够在宏观尺度上实现相位钉扎。 我们在量子流体和其他旋转几何结构（如天体物理致密天体）中观察到量子化涡旋的共同特征，为研究普遍放大现象开辟了道路。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The formation of quantized vortices is a unifying feature of quantum mechanical systems, making it a premier means for fundamental and comparative studies of different quantum fluids. Being excited states of motion, vortices are normally unstable towards relaxation into lower energy states. However, here we exploit the driven-dissipative nature of polaritonic fluids of light to create stationary, multiply charged vortices. We measure the spectrum of collective excitations and observe negative energy modes at the core and positive energy modes at large radii. Their coexistence at the same frequency normally causes the dynamical instability, but here intrinsic losses stabilize the system, allowing for phase pinning by the pump on macroscopic scales. We observe common features of quantized vortices in quantum fluids and other rotating geometries like astrophysical compact objects, opening the way to the study of universal amplification phenomena.