标题： Geant4电磁物理构造器对稀有事件搜索模拟的准确性和性能的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Impact of Geant4's Electromagnetic Physics Constructors on Accuracy and Performance of Simulations for Rare Event Searches

摘要： 当代低本底物理的一个主要目标是寻找超出粒子物理标准模型的稀有和新现象，例如潜在的暗物质粒子散射或无中微子双β衰变。这些搜索的成功取决于通过蒙特卡罗模拟进行可靠的背景预测。构建这些模拟的一种广泛使用的工具是Geant4，它为用户提供多种方式来模拟粒子相互作用的物理过程。例如，对于电磁相互作用，Geant4提供了预定义的模型集：物理构造器。由于放射性污染物的衰变产物主要通过电磁相互作用对背景有所贡献，Geant4模拟中使用的物理构造器可能会影响探测器靶材中的总能量沉积。为了便于选择用于使用CaWO$_\mathrm{4}$和Ge靶的实验模拟的物理构造器，我们对几个测试案例中的总能量沉积影响进行了量化。这些案例包括常见的放射性污染物，涵盖通过$\alpha$、$\beta$和$\gamma$粒子的能量沉积，以及两个靶材厚度的例子：薄型和厚型。我们还考虑了所研究的物理构造器的计算性能。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A primary objective in contemporary low background physics is the search for rare and novel phenomena beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, e.g. the scattering off of a potential Dark Matter particle or the neutrinoless double beta decay. The success of such searches depends on a reliable background prediction via Monte Carlo simulations. A widely used toolkit to construct these simulations is Geant4, which offers the user a wide choice of how to model the physics of particle interactions. For example, for electromagnetic interactions, Geant4 provides pre-defined sets of models: physics constructors. As decay products of radioactive contaminants contribute to the background mainly via electromagnetic interactions, the physics constructor used in a Geant4 simulation may have an impact on the total energy deposition inside the detector target. To facilitate the selection of physics constructors for simulations of experiments that are using CaWO$_\mathrm{4}$ and Ge targets, we quantify their impact on the total energy deposition for several test cases. These cases consist of radioactive contaminants commonly encountered, covering energy depositions via $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $\gamma$ particles, as well as two examples for the target thickness: thin and bulky. We also consider the computing performance of the studied physics constructors.