标题： 沙中侵入体穿透过程中的空气流化研究 显示英文标题

标题： Investigation of Air Fluidization during Intruder Penetration in Sand

摘要： 自掘进机器人在颗粒介质中导航受益于气流辅助掘进，这可以降低穿透阻力。 然而，气流与颗粒相互作用的机制仍不清楚。 为解决这一知识空白，我们采用计算流体力学和离散元方法（CFD-DEM）相结合的方法，并辅以在不同气流条件下的实验锥形贯入试验（CPT），以研究通气对穿透阻力的影响。 实验结果揭示了穿透阻力降低与深度之间的非线性关系，其中阻力在达到临界深度前接近零值，之后流化效果减弱。 模拟结果表明，较高的气流速率增强了上覆颗粒的活化，增加了临界深度。 对颗粒运动、接触力和流体压力场的详细介观和微观分析揭示了四个不同的穿透阶段：颗粒喷射和通道形成、通道封闭、通道重新填充和最终压实。 这些发现有助于更深入地理解颗粒通气机制及其在土木工程、挖掘技术以及自掘进机器人系统开发中的意义。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Self-burrowing robots navigating through granular media benefit from airflow-assisted burrowing, which reduces penetration resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying airflow-granular interactions remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we employ a coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) approach, supplemented by experimental cone penetration tests (CPT) under varying airflow conditions, to investigate the effects of aeration on penetration resistance. Experimental results reveal a nonlinear relationship between penetration resistance reduction and depth, wherein resistance approaches near-zero values up to a critical depth, beyond which the effectiveness of fluidization diminishes. Simulations demonstrate that higher airflow rates enhance the mobilization of overlying grains, increasing the critical depth. A detailed meso- and micro-scale analysis of particle motion, contact forces, and fluid pressure fields reveals four distinct penetration stages: particle ejection and channel formation, channel sealing, channel refill, and final compaction. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of granular aeration mechanisms and their implications for geotechnical engineering, excavation technologies, and the development of self-burrowing robotic systems.