标题： IllustrisTNG团簇中最古老的潮汐诱发的棒状星系 显示英文标题

标题： The oldest tidally induced bar-like galaxy in the IllustrisTNG cluster

摘要： 新的JWST观测揭示了大量高红移棒状星系的存在。 这些棒状结构的起源仍然不清楚，它们的特性似乎难以与星系形成的宇宙学模拟结果相协调。 我展示了一个例子，即在IllustrisTNG模拟的TNG100套件中，在z = 2.9时形成的潮汐诱导的类似棒状星系。 该星系是在之前研究的类似棒状星系样本中识别出来的，并且在这些潮汐诱导的子样本中，它的棒状结构形成时间最早。 由于与一个最亮星系团星系（BCG）的前身的近距离相互作用，其盘结构转变为棒状结构。 它围绕宿主星系保持紧密轨道并一直存活至今，失去了大部分初始质量，变得红色但保留了其长椭球形状。 在相互作用之前，在z = 3.5时，该星系经历了几次合并，这使其形状拉长。 这种暂时的扭曲也使其看起来像一个带有长达6 kpc的螺旋延伸的棒状结构。 后来形成的寿命较长的棒状结构长约3 kpc，并在接下来的几十亿年中逐渐增长。 这个例子表明，高红移的棒状结构不应在当今模拟的棒状星系的前身中寻找，而应在正在形成集团和星系团的潮汐相互作用的早期星系群体中寻找。 其中一些星系可能以椭圆星系的形式存活下来，另一些可能与其BCG发生了合并。 显示英文摘要

摘要： New JWST observations have revealed the presence of a significant number of high-redshift barred galaxies. The origin of these bars remains unclear, and their properties appear difficult to reconcile with the results of cosmological simulations of galaxy formation. I present an example of a tidally induced bar-like galaxy formed at z = 2.9 in the TNG100 suite of the IllustrisTNG simulations. The galaxy was identified among the sample of bar-like galaxies studied before and has the earliest bar formation time among the tidally induced subsample of those objects. Its disk transformed into a bar as a result of a close interaction with a massive progenitor of a brightest cluster galaxy (BCG). It remained on a tight orbit around the host and survived until the present, losing most of its initial mass and becoming red but preserving its prolate shape. Even before the interaction, at z = 3.5, the galaxy experienced a few mergers, which elongated its shape. This temporary distortion also made it look like a bar with spiral extensions of up to 6 kpc. The long-lived bar formed later was about 3 kpc long and grew over the next few gigayears. This example demonstrates that high-z bars should not be sought among the progenitors of present-day simulated barred galaxies but rather among the tidally interacting early population of galaxies in forming groups and clusters. Some of these galaxies may have survived as ellipticals, and some may have merged with their BCGs.