标题： 欧几里得在强引力透镜发现方面的革命 显示英文标题

标题： The revolution in strong lensing discoveries from Euclid

摘要： 强引力透镜为暗物质、星系演化和宇宙学提供了一种强大而直接的探测手段，然而强透镜现象很少见：只有大约1/10,000的大质量星系能够将背景源透镜成多个图像。 欧洲空间局的欧几里得望远镜，凭借其高分辨率成像和大范围天空覆盖的独特组合，即将彻底改变这一领域。 在其首次快速数据发布中，仅覆盖了完整调查区域的0.45%，通过机器学习、公民科学和专家视觉检查的结合，已识别出约500个高质量的强透镜候选体。 该数据集包括如复合透镜和边缘盘透镜等奇特系统，展示了欧几里得探测透镜参数空间的能力。 为在欧几里得数据中发现强透镜而开发的机器学习模型能够以高纯度率找到透镜，证实了该任务预测的在6年任务期间发现超过100,000个强透镜的目标是可实现的。 这将使已知的强透镜数量增加两个数量级，从而彻底改变利用强透镜进行科学研究的方式。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Strong gravitational lensing offers a powerful and direct probe of dark matter, galaxy evolution and cosmology, yet strong lenses are rare: only 1 in roughly 10,000 massive galaxies can lens a background source into multiple images. The European Space Agency's Euclid telescope, with its unique combination of high-resolution imaging and wide-area sky coverage, is set to transform this field. In its first quick data release, covering just 0.45% of the full survey area, around 500 high-quality strong lens candidates have been identified using a synergy of machine learning, citizen science and expert visual inspection. This dataset includes exotic systems such as compound lenses and edge-on disk lenses, demonstrating Euclid's capacity to probe the lens parameter space. The machine learning models developed to discover strong lenses in Euclid data are able to find lenses with high purity rates, confirming that the mission's forecast of discovering over 100,000 strong lenses is achievable during its 6-year mission. This will increase the number of known strong lenses by two orders of magnitude, transforming the science that can be done with strong lensing.