标题： 多样的、不同的和密集包装的DNA液滴 显示英文标题

标题： Diverse, Distinct, and Densely Packed DNA Droplets

摘要： 生物分子的液-液相分离是细胞内组织的重要过程。 生物分子序列组合学导致了多种蛋白质和核酸的产生，这些物质可以相互作用形成多种致密液相（“凝聚物”）。 因此，序列设计与生成相的多样性之间的关系具有研究价值。 在此，我们使用DNA纳米星系统来探索这一问题，该系统通过设计驱动粒子间吸引力的粘性末端键，能够创建多相凝聚物液滴。 我们探讨了纳米星相多样性的理论极限，然后实验上展示了创建9种不同的、不粘附的纳米星相的能力，这些相不共享成分。 我们进一步研究了热处理如何影响这种高度多样的凝聚物系统的形态和动力学。 我们特别表明，快速温度骤冷会导致液滴的紧密堆积二维层的形成，这种层由相多样性所启用的笼效应暂时稳定，从而导致玻璃态动力学，如缓慢的粗化和动态异质性。 总体而言，我们的工作为复杂混合物相分离的热力学提供了实验见解，并展示了对复杂、长程、多相液滴结构的合理工程设计。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The liquid-liquid phase separation of biomolecules is an important process for intracellular organization. Biomolecular sequence combinatorics leads to a large variety of proteins and nucleic acids which can interact to form a diversity of dense liquid (`condensate') phases. The relationship between sequence design and the diversity of the resultant phases is therefore of interest. Here, we explore this question using the DNA nanostar system which permits the creation of multi-phase condensate droplets through sequence engineering of the sticky end bonds that drive particle-particle attraction. We explore the theoretical limits of nanostar phase diversity, then experimentally demonstrate the ability to create 9 distinct, non-adhering nanostar phases that do not share components. We further study how thermal processing affects the morphology and dynamics of such a highly diverse condensate system. We particularly show that a rapid temperature quench leads to the formation of a densely packed 2-D layer of droplets that is transiently stabilized by caging effects enabled by the phase diversity, leading to glassy dynamics, such as slow coarsening and dynamic heterogeneity. Generally, our work provides experimental insight into the thermodynamics of phase separation of complex mixtures and demonstrates the rational engineering of complex, long-range, multi-phase droplet structures.